Navegando por Autor "Ventrella, Marília Contin"
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Item Analysis of a modern hybrid and an ancient sugarcane implicates a complex interplay of factors in affecting recalcitrance to cellulosic ethanol production(PLOS ONE, 2015-08-07) Poelking, Viviane Guzzo de Carli; Giordano, Andrea; Ricci-Silva, Maria Esther; Williams, Thomas Christopher Rhys; Peçanha, Diego Alves; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Rencoret, Jorge; Ralph, John; Barbosa, Márcio Henrique Pereira; Loureiro, MarceloAbundant evidence exists to support a role for lignin as an important element in biomass recalcitrance. However, several independent studies have also shown that factors apart from lignin are also relevant and overall, the relative importance of different recalcitrance traits remains in dispute. In this study we used two genetically distant sugarcane genotypes, and performed a correlational study with the variation in anatomical parameters, cell wall composition, and recalcitrance factors between these genotypes. In addition we also tracked alterations in these characteristics in internodes at different stages of development. Significant differences in the development of the culm between the genotypes were associ- ated with clear differential distributions of lignin content and composition that were not correlated with saccharification and fermentation yield. Given the strong influence of the environment on lignin content and composition, we hypothesized that sampling within a single plant could allow us to more easily interpret recalcitrance and changes in lignin biosynthesis than analysing variations between different genotypes with extensive changes in plant morphology and culm anatomy. The syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio was higher in the oldest internode of the modern genotype, but S/G ratio was not correlated with enzymatic hydrolysis yield nor fermentation efficiency. Curiously we observed a strong positive correlation between ferulate ester level and cellulose conversion efficiency. Together, these data support the hypothesis that biomass enzymatic hydrolysis recalcitrance is governed by a quantitative heritage rather than a single trait.Item Anatoblocos: blocos didáticos para o estudo da anatomia vegetal(CEAD, 2016) Ventrella, Marília ContinEsse é um material didático complementar às aulas de Anatomia Vegetal, disponibilizado, de forma digitalizada e gratuita, para alunos e professores desde o ensino médio até a pós-graduação. Nesta apostila, são abordados os principais tópicos da Anatomia das Espermatófitas, como células, tecidos e órgãos, utilizando espécies de interesse para as Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas. Alguns anatoblocos apresentam estruturas tridimensionais, enquanto outros apresentam uma sequência de imagens relacionadas a um mesmo tema. A proposta de montagem dos anatoblocos também pode estimular o interesse dos alunos e facilitar o aprendizado, pois é lúdica e remete a atividades da infância.Item Área foliar específica e anatomia foliar quantitativa do capim-braquiária e do amendoim-forrageiro submetidos a sombreamento(Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2010-08-27) Gobbi, Kátia Fernanda; Garcia, Rasmo; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Rocha, Gabriel Cipriano; Garcez Neto, Américo FróesA área foliar específica e as características anatômicas foliares da braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk) e do amendoim-forrageiro (Arachis pintoi cv. Amarillo) foram avaliadas em resposta a níveis de sombreamento artificial (0, 50 e 70%), com o objetivo de se determinar a aclimatação destas forrageiras às modificações no ambiente luminoso. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos completamente casualizados, com três repetições. Foram realizados três e dois cortes, respectivamente, para avaliação das plantas de braquiária e amendoim-forrageiro. A área foliar específica das duas espécies aumentou linearmente em função do incremento nos níveis de sombra. Na braquiária, o aumento da área foliar específica foi acompanhado por redução linear na espessura da folha, com os níveis crescentes de sombra. Já a espessura das folhas de amendoim-forrageiro não sofreu alteração significativa com o sombreamento crescente. A densidade estomática nas faces adaxial e abaxial das folhas do amendoim-forrageiro e da braquiária diminuiu linearmente com o incremento nos níveis de sombra. Apesar do aumento na proporção de espaços intercelulares nas folhas de amendoim-forrageiro, a área ocupada pelos diferentes tecidos não foi afetada significativamente pelos níveis de sombra. As folhas de braquiária apresentaram aumento quadrático na área ocupada pela bainha do feixe vascular, no primeiro corte. A área ocupada pelos feixes vasculares e pelas células buliformes foi reduzida no segundo e terceiro cortes, respectivamente, com o sombreamento crescente. As espécies estudadas apresentaram boa aclimatação às variações na intensidade luminosa, e são boas alternativas para utilização em ambientes com baixos níveis de irradiância.Item Características morfológicas, estruturais e produtividade do capim-braquiária e do amendoim forrageiro submetidos ao sombreamento(Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2009-09) Gobbi, Kátia Fernanda; Garcia, Rasmo; Garcez Neto, Américo Fróes; Pereira, Odilon Gomes; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Rocha, Gabriel CiprianoAs características morfológicas, estruturais e a produção de matéria seca (PMS) do capim-braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens, cv. Basilisk) e do amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi, cv. Amarillo) foram avaliadas em resposta a três níveis de sombreamento artificial (0, 50 e 70%). Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram realizados três e dois cortes, respectivamente, para avaliação do capim-braquiária e do amendoim forrageiro. O amendoim forrageiro apresentou redução significativa na produção de matéria seca com o sombreamento apenas no segundo corte. A produção de matéria seca no capim-braquiária diminuiu linearmente nos dois primeiros cortes. O sombreamento crescente estimulou o aumento da altura média do dossel e do comprimento de pecíolos, colmos e lâminas foliares em todos os cortes das espécies avaliadas. O sombreamento promoveu diminuição linear da densidade populacional de perfilhos no dossel de braquiária em todos os cortes. O peso médio dos perfilhos, no entanto, só foi afetado no terceiro corte, quando aumentou de forma linear de acordo com os níveis de sombreamento. A relação folha:caule da gramínea e da leguminosa não foi afetada pelo sombreamento. A área foliar específica, a área foliar por folíolo e a área foliar por perfilho aumentaram significativamente com o aumento dos níveis de sombreamento. O índice de área foliar (IAF) reduziu de forma linear no segundo corte com o sombreamento do amendoim forrageiro e do capim-braquiária. O amendoim forrageiro e o capim-braquiária são forrageiras com bom potencial para avaliação e uso em sistemas silvipastoris com transmissão luminosa em torno de 50% da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa.Item Colleters in Bathysa cuspidata (Rubiaceae): Development, ultrastructure and chemical composition of the secretion(Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 2013-12) Coelho, Victor Peçanha de Miranda; Leite, João Paulo Viana; Fietto, Luciano Gomes; Ventrella, Marília ContinThis paper describes the development of colleters of Bathysa cuspidata, Rubiaceae, considering anatomical, histochemical and ultrastructural aspects and going from first differentiation stages until senescence. Further, the chemical composition of the secretion is investigated. The samples were prepared according to the usual techniques for light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Electrophoresis and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used to confirm the results obtained in the histochemical tests. The colleters occur at the ventral surface of the stipules which protect the leaf primordia as well as the shoot meristem. The origin of the colleters is mixed, involving protoderm and ground meristem. The Bathysa colleters are of the standard type or are bifurcated; this latter type is documented here for the first time for Rubiaceae. Colleter secretion is a mucilage rich in protein, as determined by histochemical tests and confirmed by chemical analysis. Phenolic compounds and terpenes were detected only in the colleters themselves, but not in the secretion. The epithelial cells present conspicuous nuclei and nucleoli and the cytoplasm is rich in dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, vesicles and small vacuoles with a fibrillar content. The accumulation of phenolic compounds and terpenes, the formation of a large central vacuole, the increase of the intercellular and subcuticular spaces occupied by the secretion and, finally, the darkening and the wilting of the colleters characterize the senescence of these structures. The secretion process of the colleters of B. cuspidata suggests a process of programmed cell death.Item Extrafloral nectaries of annatto ( Bixa orellana L.): anatomy, nectar composition and activity during organ development(Acta Botanica Brasilica, 2017-07) Miranda, Rafaela Marques de; Nery, Lays Araújo; Ventrella, Marília ContinThis study aimed to anatomically characterize the extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) of annatto (Bixa orellana) and determine the composition of its nectar in order to better understand their structure and function during organ development. Standard light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used for anatomical analysis, and test-strips and a refractometer for determining nectar composition. Both receptacle and stem EFNs were found to possess similar anatomy and nectar composition, and to secrete from early to advanced developmental stages of the organs to which they are associated. EFNs consisting of uniseriate epidermis, nectariferous parenchyma and subnectariferous parenchyma were found located where vascular tissue is immersed. Some layers of nectariferous parenchyma exhibited sclerification and cells with phenolic compounds or calcium oxalate druses were present. Nectar exuded by stomata was acidic, diluted and found to contain sugar. The anatomical and histochemical features of annatto EFNs ensure their integrity and nectar secretion function during the development of buds, flowers and fruits.Item Histochemical and ultrastructural study of Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae) seeds(Revista Árvore, 2009-06-23) Corte, Viviana Borges; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Borges, Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e; Pontes, Claudia Aparecida; Pinho, DanielThe objective of this work was to correlate data on light microscopy observations through histochemical analysis and polarized light techniques and investigations in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to characterize the reserve materials in C. peltophoroides Benth. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae) cotyledons, popularly known as "sibipiruna", a tropical tree species with wide distribution in Brazil. The cotyledon mesophyll, especially in the abaxial face, is rich in unsaturated neutral lipids contained in numerous lipid bodies dispersed in the cytoplasm. Proteins, more concentrated in the adaxial face of the cotyledons, occur in all the mesophyll and are stored in protein bodies containing globoids, with variable number and size, responsible for accumulation of mineral reserves. Calcium oxalate druses have distribution restricted to the cotyledons adaxial face and are associated with protein bodies. Starch, also distributed all over the cotyledon mesophyll, occurs in small amounts in plastids with developed lamellar system. Secretory cavities rich in phenolic compounds occur among procambial strands.Item Histochemical aspects of reserves mobilization of Caesalpinia peltophoroides (Leguminosae) seeds during germination and seedlings early growth(Revista Árvore, 2008-05-19) Corte, Viviana Borges; Borges, Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Leite, Idalina Tereza de Almeida; Braga, Antônio Jorge TourinhoThe objective of this study was to investigate reserve mobilization in Caesalpinia peltophoroides seeds during germination and initial seedling growth. The variation in these compounds was analyzed from the pre-germination period (0 to 5 days after sowing - DAS) to the total cotyledon senescence and abscission at 35 DAS. For this histochemical tests were made on cotyledons fixed in FAA50 or included in glycol-metacrylate. To follow the mobilization of the main reserve compounds, sudan III was used to detect total lipids, xylidine Ponceau to detect total proteins, lugol to detect starch and polarized light to visualize the crystals. The lipids, present in a great quantity in the cotyledon, gradually decreased in the period studied. A greater quantity of starch was observed on the 10th DAS than in the previous periods and it was totally consumed by 30 DAS. The distribution pattern and the morphology of the protein material were very modified by 10 DAS, a period during which it was intensely consumed, remaining only parietally fragments distributed, that practically disappeared at 25 DAS. The calcium oxalate druses were not consumed during the period studied, there was only crystal agglutination.Item Involvement of glutathione metabolism in Eichhornia crassipes tolerance to arsenic(Plant Biology, 2019) Reis, Iulla Naiff Rabelo de Souza; Oliveira, Juraci Alves de; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Otoni, Wagner Campos; Marinato, Claudio Sergio; Matos, Letícia Paiva deAquatic macrophytes are potential useful for phytoremediation programs in environments contaminated by arsenic (As). Biochemical and physiological modification analyses in different plant parts are important to understand As tolerance mechanisms. 2. The objective was to evaluate glutathione metabolism in leaves and roots of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms plants subjected to As. Specimens of Eichhornia crassipes plants were cultured for three days in Clark's nutrient solution containing 7 μM of As. The enzymes ATP sulfurylase (ATPS), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), glutathione sulfotransferase (GST) and γ‐glutamylcysteine (γ‐ECS) synthetase activity, the glutathione contents, total proteic and non‐proteic thiols were evaluated. 3. The ATPS activity increased in roots. The GR activity in leaves and GSH‐Px in roots were lower. GST activity was higher in roots and lower in leaves and γ‐ECS activity was higher in this plant's leaves. Glutathione levels were lower, total thiols levels were higher and non proteic levels presented no change in E. crassipes leaves and roots. Exposure to As increased the enzyme activity involved with sulfur metabolism, such as ATPS. Higher GR activity and lower GSH‐Px indicates a greater glutathione conjugation to As, due to the greater GSH availability. The greater GST activity indicates its participation in As detoxification and accumulation, through As GSH conjugation. Changes in the glutathione and thiol levels suggest high phytochelatin synthesis. 4. In conclusion, the increment in ATPS, GR, GST and γ‐ECS activity indicates that these enzymes are involved in GSH metabolism and are part of the E. crassipes As detoxification mechanism.Item Leaf anatomy and histochemistry of three species of Ficus sect. Americanae supported by light and electron microscopy(Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2013-10-04) Araújo, Nathalia Diniz; Coelho, Victor Peçanha M.; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Agra, Maria de FátimaIn this work the leaf anatomy of three species of Ficus section Americanae (Miq.) Miq. from Brazil, whose leaves and latex are used in folk medicine is reported. The work was carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy in order to characterize these species and to evaluate their taxonomic significance, and also contribute to the quality control of their ethnodrugs. The three species (Ficus cyclophylla, Ficus elliotiana, and Ficus caatingae) showed hypostomatic leaves, anomocytic stomata, straight epidermal cell outlines, and a dorsiventral mesophyll. Some micro-morphological characters such as density and distribution of epicuticular waxes, glandular trichomes, the length and width of stomata, as well as the palisade of mesophyll and petiole outlines proved to be the most useful and distinctive characters for the separation of species. These may contribute as additional support for the taxonomy of the section and for the quality control of their ethnodrugs.Item Leaf tissues degradation of signalgrass hay pretreated with urea and submitted to in vitro digestion(Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2007-12-05) Gobbi, Kátia Fernanda; Garcia, Rasmo; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Garcez Neto, Américo Fróes; Pereira, Odilon GomesAn experiment using signalgrass hay treated with increasing urea levels (0, 20, 40, and 80 g/kg of dry matter), and submitted to in vitro digestion times (0, 6, 12, 24 or 72 hours) was conducted to evaluate the effects of ammoniation rates and digestion times on leaf blade tissue degradation. A completely randomized design with a 4 × 5 factorial treatment arrangement, with three replicates was used. Data were submitted to multivariate analysis. Urea-treated hay presented smaller proportion of remaining tissues measured in leaf blades cross-sections after in vitro digestion. Tissues more affected by urea treatment degradation were parenchyma bundle sheath and sclerenchyma. The hay treated with 80 g urea/kg DM and in vitro digested for 24 or 72 hours showed smallest proportion of tissues with thick and lignified cell walls such as parenchyma bundle sheath and sclerenchyma. The treatment with urea also reduced the time necessary to tissue degradation. The urea-treated hay in vitro digested for 12 hours, showed the same tissue proportion found in untreated hay submitted to 24 or 72 hours of in vitro digestion. The epidermis and lignified vascular tissue showed the smallest degradation following in vitro digestion. Results indicated that treatment of signalgrass hay with urea contributed to cell wall structure disruption, enhancement of tissues microbial degradation and reduction of the time necessary to digestion.Item Manganese accumulation and its relation to "eucalyptus shoot blight in the Vale do Rio Doce"(Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2013-10-25) Novais, Roberto Ferreira; Leite, Fernando Palha; Silva, Ivo Ribeiro; Barros, Nairam Félix; Neves, Júlio César Lima; Medeiros, Alex Giovanny B; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Villani, Ecila Mercês de AlbuquerqueEucalyptus Shoot Blight in the Vale do Rio Doce (ESBVRD) is an anomaly that leads to reduced growth and, in more extreme cases, to death of eucalyptus plants. Initially diagnosed in plantations in the region of the Vale do Rio Doce, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, this problem has also been found in plantations in other regions of the country and even in other countries. Although the symptoms of this anomaly are well-known, its causes are not yet understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cause-effect relationship between accumulation of manganese (Mn) in eucalyptus clones and ESBVRD. Characterization of the environment in areas of greater occurrence of this problem in regard to soil, climate and fluctuation of the water table was undertaken in eucalyptus plantations of the Celulose Nipo-brasileira S.A. (Cenibra) company in the region of the Vale do Rio Doce. Plant tissues were sampled in two situations. In the first situation, diagnosis occurred in the initial phase of the anomaly in clones with differentiated tolerance to the problem; in the second situation, diagnosis was made in a single clone, considered to be sensitive, in two time periods - in the phase with the strong presence of symptoms and in the recovery phase, in areas of occurrence and in areas of escape from the problem. The most ESBVRD-sensitive clone showed much higher (4.8 times higher) leaf Mn contents than more tolerant clones. In plants with the anomaly, Mn leaf contents were greater than 3,070 mg kg^-1, much greater than the quantity found in those without the anomaly (734 mg kg^-1). In the period in which the symptoms began to wane, there was a sharp decline in leaf Mn contents, from 2,194 to 847 mg kg^-1. Manganese content in the above ground part and plant litter (44.4 g ha^-1) in the area of occurrence of the anomaly was three times greater than that found in these same components (14.1 g ha^-1) in the area of absence of the symptom. Based on the evidence found, such as the existence of environmental conditions favorable to high Mn availability to the plants in the areas of greatest incidence of ESBVRD, greater uptake of Mn in sensitive clones and in plants with symptoms, and a synchronism between the intensity of symptoms of ESBVRD and leaf Mn contents, it may be inferred that temporary excess of Mn in eucalyptus plants is closely related to ESBVRD.Item Métodos histoquímicos aplicados às sementes(CEAD, 2013) Ventrella, Marília Contin; Almeida, Andrea Lanna; Nery, Lays Araújo; Coelho, Victor Peçanha de MirandaEsta apostila é uma coletânea de métodos histoquímicos relacionados à detecção de compostos estruturais, de reserva e do metabolismo secundário presentes em sementes. Os métodos originais foram referenciados e os métodos propostos podem apresentar pequenas modificações em relação aos originais, além de algumas opções de uso e comentários. Para orientar a avaliação dos resultados, foram selecionadas fotomicrografias de materiais exibindo reação positiva para os diferentes testes histoquímicos apresentados.Item Mobilização de reservas durante a germinação das sementes e crescimento das plântulas de Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinoideae)(Revista Árvore, 2006-11-19) Corte, Viviana Borges; Borges, Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e; Pontes, Cláudia Aparecida; Leite, Idalina Tereza de Almeida; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Mathias, Alexsandro de AlmeidaEste trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a mobilização de reservas de sementes de Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth. durante a germinação e crescimento inicial das plântulas. As variações nas reservas de carbiodratos, lipídios e proteínas foram analisadas desde o período pré-germinativo (0 a 5 dias após a semeadura – DAS) até a total senescência e abscisão dos cotilédones, aos 35 DAS, por meio de testes bioquímicos nos cotilédones das sementes. Os resultados indicaram que os lipídios constituem o principal composto de reserva nos cotilédones, contribuindo com cerca de 50% de massa seca. Carboidratos solúveis representaram 32%, as proteínas solúveis 7,7% e o amido 6,8% de massa seca dos cotilédones. Os lipídios sofreram marcante decréscimo entre 5 e 10 dias após a semeadura, período em que se observou elevada taxa de crescimento das plântulas. Carboidratos e proteínas solúveis exibiram tendência gradativa de queda, enquanto no amido, isso quase não foi detectado. A redução do peso de massa seca dos cotilédones foi bem correlacionada com o aumento da biomassa da plântula.Item Plasticidade anatômica da folha de taro cultivado sob diferentes condições de sombreamento(Bragantia, 2008-10) Puiatti, Mário; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Gondim, Ancélio Ricardo de OliveiraO cultivo consorciado pode levar ao sombreamento de uma das culturas acarretando alterações morfológicas externas e internas e na produtividade da cultura sombreada. O taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott], é uma Araceae de ciclo cultural longo, o que dificulta seu cultivo em propriedades com limitação de área. A associação do taro com outras culturas é uma opção para situações dessa natureza; todavia, definir o nível de tolerância das plantas de taro ao sombreamento é de fundamental importância para se planejar seu cultivo no sistema de consórcio. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações anatômicas quantitativas em folhas e rizomas de taro 'Japonês', cultivadas sob intensidades de sombreamento de 0%, 18%, 30% e 50%, visando obter subsídios para entender a redução de produtividade quando consorciada com espécies de maior porte. O aumento do sombreamento promoveu mudanças na proporção de células e tecidos, como redução da espessura da folha, do parênquima paliçádico e do aerênquima e da densidade de estômatos. Pode-se concluir que o taro possui plasticidade anatômica da lâmina foliar quando submetido a diferentes intensidades de sombreamento, o que provavelmente interfere na sua capacidade fotossintética e na redistribuição de fotoassimilados nos órgãos vegetativos.Item Secretory cells in Piper umbellatum (Piperaceae) leaves: a new example for the development of idioblasts(Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 2011-12) Marinho, Cristina Ribeiro; Zacaro, Adilson Ariza; Ventrella, Marília ContinThis work aims to investigate the origins and development of secretory cells in Piper umbellatum (L.) Miq. (Piperaceae) leaves as well as the course and the nature of their secretion. The results were compared with studies in oil-secreting cells of several species. Fully expanded fresh leaves were sectioned and subjected to different histochemical tests. Leaves in different developmental stages were fixed and processed for study under light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The secretory cells show mixed secretion made up of hydrophobic (oleoresin) and hydrophilic (phenolic compounds and alkaloids) compounds. Secretory cells originate either from the protodermis or the ground meristem. The growth of these cells occurs primarily by increasing the volume of the central vacuole, which corresponds to an extraplasmatic space connected to a protuberance of the wall. Electron-opaque compounds are observed initially in leucoplasts, while electron-dense compounds occur in small vesicles in the cytoplasm. Both are accumulated in the central vacuole which is already developed. Besides the mixed chemical nature of the secretion identified in secretory cells of P. umbellatum leaves, these secretory cells differ from those that have already been described mainly because of the development of the central vacuole prior to the accumulation of the secretion.Item Timing of pollen release and stigma receptivity period of Piper vicosanum: New insights into sexual reproduction of the genus(American Journal of Botany, 2015-03-19) Valentin-Silva, Adriano; Coelho, Victor Peçanha de Miranda; Ventrella, Marília Contin; Vieira, Milene FariaDichogamy is a common characteristic among angiosperms, including Piper species. In this genus, the tiny flowers are morphologically similar and have an asynchronous stamen development. However, there is no information on the duration of stigma receptivity and whether it overlaps with pollen release. To better understand mechanisms of floral function in Piper vicosanum, we provide a detailed characterization of the timing of pollen release from the four stamens and the period of stigma receptivity and exposure mode of the receptive areas. We investigated plants of a natural population in a semideciduous seasonal forest (Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil), based on chemical tests, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Incomplete protogyny—a mechanism that favors outcrossing—was recorded. The period of stigma receptivity was long (14 d), and the sequential exposure and senescence of stigmatic papillae occurred gradually and in a basipetal direction. Pollen release began 2–6 d after the beginning of the pistillate phase, with an average pollen viability of 87.7%, during the bisexual flower phase. Pollen was released for up to 6 d and occurred in one stamen at a time. The fruit set observed in tests of self-pollination indicated self-compatibility. The gradual and sequential exposure of stigmatic papillae in P. vicosanum flowers is described here as the mechanism for the long duration of receptivity. Anther development and pollen release were also sequential. These findings are yet unreported reproductive characteristics of the genus and offer new perspectives for future studies on the floral biology of other Piper species.