Navegando por Autor "Velloso, Nara Silveira"
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Item Elasticity modulus and damping ratio of macaw Palm rachillas(Ciência Rural, 2016-11-14) Villar, Flora Maria de Melo; Pinto, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho; Santos, Fábio Lúcio; Grossi, José Antônio Saraiva; Velloso, Nara SilveiraThe macaw palm has been identified as a prime feed stock for biodiesel industries in the near future coming decades. However, there are no machines for harvesting and detaching fruits in the biofuel industry; hence, the study of the dynamic behavior of the fruit-rachilla system would aid in the development of such machines. Thus, this study seeks to determine the modulus of elasticity and the damping ratio of four different plant accessions obtained from the Active Germplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). Tensile testing was conducted to determine the modulus of elasticity. From the graphical results of tension versus specific strain, it was possible to determine the modulus of elasticity by using the tangent method. To determine the damping ratio, the logarithmic decrement method was performed using vibration testing. Vibration test consisted of a generated impulse of 100% of the amplitude of acceleration that was used to excite the system. The acquisition of the generated information was performed by a piezoelectric accelerometer. The average modulus of elasticity ranged from 2.22 to 3.17MPa, and the average damping ratios ranged from 0.04 to 0.08. Thus, the macaw fruit-rachilla was an under-damped system.Item Mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system(Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2017-06) Pinto, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho; Villar, Flora Maria de Melo; Valente, Domingos Sárvio Magalhães; Velloso, Nara Silveira; Santos, Fábio LúcioThe fruit of the native macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (lacq) Lood. ex Mart] is an alternative for biodiesel production because of the plant characteristics, as well as its adaptability, hardiness and high vegetable oil yield. However, its exploitation remains extractive and there are significant difficulties in its harvest. This study aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system that will support the design of harvest machines based on mechanical vibration. Ten samples of four accessions in the immature and mature stages of maturity were used. Traction and vibration tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system. The elastic modulus of the rachilla was 188.39-385.09 MPa for the immature stage and 109.02-320.54 MPa for the mature stage. The Poisson's ratio for the rachilla varied between 0.20 and 0.52 for the immature stage and between 0.16 and 0.52 for the mature stage. The damping ratio varied between 0.02 and 0.12 for the immature stage and between 0.06 and 0.12 for the mature stage. The fruit-rachilla system was characterized as underdamped.Item Mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system(Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 2017-04) Pinto, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho; Villar, Flora Maria de Melo; Valente, Domingos Sárvio Magalhães; Velloso, Nara Silveira; Santos, Fábio LúcioThe fruit of the native macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (lacq) Lood. ex Mart] is an alternative for biodiesel production because of the plant characteristics, as well as its adaptability, hardiness and high vegetable oil yield. However, its exploitation remains extractive and there are significant difficulties in its harvest. This study aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system that will support the design of harvest machines based on mechanical vibration. Ten samples of four accessions in the immature and mature stages of maturity were used. Traction and vibration tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the macaw palm fruit-rachilla system. The elastic modulus of the rachilla was 188.39-385.09 MPa for the immature stage and 109.02-320.54 MPa for the mature stage. The Poisson's ratio for the rachilla varied between 0.20 and 0.52 for the immature stage and between 0.16 and 0.52 for the mature stage. The damping ratio varied between 0.02 and 0.12 for the immature stage and between 0.06 and 0.12 for the mature stage. The fruit-rachilla system was characterized as underdamped.Item Mechanical properties of the rachis from macaw palm bunches(Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 2018-01) Oliveira, Zenil Ricardo Cunha Rodrigues de; Valente, Domingos Sarvio Magalhães; Pinto, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho; Santos, Fábio Lúcio; Velloso, Nara SilveiraNumerical implementation methods such as the finite element method can be used in machine design to study the dynamic behavior of the plant. Input parameters for using the finite element method should be set based on the geometrical, physical and mechanical system under study. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of the rachis of macaw palm in the green maturation stage at an age of 180 days and at fruit maturation. The water content was calculated using the oven method of 105 ± 3°C for 24 hours. The modulus of elasticity for the rachis was determined by means of mechanical compression testing. The Poisson's ratios were determined from the results of the longitudinal and transverse deformation of rachis test bodies. The shear tests were performed in two scenarios. In the first one, a blade was used without a tensioner, and in the second scenario, a blade was fixed with a tensioner, characterized by a chamfer at 45°. It was concluded that the modulus of elasticity of macaw palm rachis in the green maturity stage was higher than the values for the mature stage of ripeness.Item Propriedades físicas e comportamento dinâmico do sistema fruto- ráquila da macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata)(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016-07-20) Velloso, Nara Silveira; Santos, Fábio Lúcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4575350021079125A palmeira nativa macaúba tem ampla extensão territorial e é fonte de matéria prima para produção de biodiesel, no entanto sua produção ainda é extrativista. Para melhorar a qualidade dos frutos e a eficiência na colheita, faz-se necessário estudar diferentes opções para a colheita. Uma das alternativas é o uso de máquinas que utilizam o princípio de vibrações mecânicas. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de determinar as propriedades geométricas, físicas e mecânicas do sistema fruto-ráquila da macaúba e modelar seu comportamento dinâmico. Foram utilizadas dez amostras de quatro acessos diferentes nos estádios de maturação verde e maduro. As propriedades geométricas foram determinadas através de medições diretas nos corpos de prova. Ensaios de tração e vibração foram realizados para determinar propriedades físicas e mecânicas do sistema fruto-ráquila da macaúba. O comportamento dinâmico do sistema foi simulado a partir de uma análise modal pelo método de elementos finitos e validado em função dos deslocamentos reais observados durante os ensaios de vibração laboratoriais. As massas específicas do sistema tendem a aumentar conforme evolui a maturação dos frutos. O Módulo de Elasticidade obtido para a ráquila ficou entre 1,86 MPa e 3,80 MPa, para o estádio de maturação verde e 1,22 MPa e 3,20 MPa para o estádio de maturação maduro. O coeficiente de Poisson para a ráquila ficou entre 0,2 e 0,52 para o estádio de maturação verde e entre 0,16 e 0,52 para o estádio de maturação maduro. A razão de amortecimento encontrada ficou entre 0,01 e 0,11 para o estádio de maturação verde e entre 0,04 e 0,10 para o estádio de maturação maduro. O sistema fruto-ráquila foi caracterizado como subamortecido. Os valores médios encontrados para as frequências naturais nos ensaios de vibração foram de 20,09 Hz para o estádio de maturação verde e 19,86 Hz para o estádio de maturação maduro. Os valores médios de frequências naturais extraídas nas simulações foram de 23,61 Hz e 21,65 Hz para os estádios de maturação verde e maduro, respectivamente. Os valores das frequências naturais foram menores para o estádio de maturação maduro que para o estádio de maturação verde. O modo de vibração extraído foi o oitavo modo. As tensões de von Mises ficaram concentradas na ligação entre a ráquila e o fruto.