Navegando por Autor "Novaes, Rômulo Dias"
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Item Bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata in the treatment of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2014-07) Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela; Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto da; Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Leite, João Paulo Viana; Peluzio, Maria do Carmo Gouveia; Vilela, Emerson FerreiraThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bark extract Bathysa cuspidata (BCE) in the reconstitution of hepatic parenchyma and stroma after dysfunction induced by the CCl4. Liver lesions were induced by intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 (1 mL/kg) every 48 h for 12 days. The animals were treated with B. cuspidata extract (BCE) administered by gavage for another 12 days. Forty-nine rats were randomized into seven treatment groups with seven animals receiving CCl4, BCE (200, or 400 mg/kg) and the vehicle DMSO alone, or in different combinations. The extract alone showed no evidence of hepatic toxicity. In general, rats acutely exposed to CCl4 without the treatment with BCE presented high ALT and AST serum levels and high tissue content of lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, and lipid droplets. BCE administration, especially at 400 mg/kg attenuated significantly all these parameters. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased in the groups receiving this extract. These results showed that the extract of B. cuspidata stem bark stimulated the antioxidant defense system and reduced the morphological and functional liver damage in Wistar rats previously exposed to CCl4.Item Efeitos da infecção experimental com Trypanosoma cruzi sobre a morfologia do miocárdio, propriedades mecânicas de cardiomiócitos isolados e tolerância ao exercício físico de ratos Wistar(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010-07-08) Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Natali, Antônio José; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4795725H4; Neves, Clóvis Andrade; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785611E1; Maldonado, Izabel Regina dos Santos Costa; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780778U6; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3517990416969519; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3103088504501213; Fonseca, Cláudio César; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780777E6; Gomes, Thales Nicolau Primola; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6712970905641144O Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), um protozoário parasita intracelular, é o agente causador da doença de Chagas. Esse parasito é capaz de induzir modificações patológicas na morfologia e hemodinâmica do coração, alterações que têm sido implicadas na redução da tolerância ao exercício em indivíduos portadores da doença de Chagas. Modificações na mecânica de cardiomiócitos nessa doença têm sido raramente relatadas e o papel dessas alterações na tolerância ao exercício permanece desconhecido. Assim, o presente estudo investigou os efeitos da infecção experimental com Trypanosoma cruzi sobre a morfologia do miocárdio, propriedades mecânicas de cardiomiócitos isolados e tolerância ao exercício físico de ratos Wistar. Vinte e oito ratos Wistar machos foram divididos em um grupo não infectado (n=14) e um grupo infectado (n=14). Após nove semanas da inoculação com T. cruzi, os animais foram submetidos a um protocolo incremental de corrida para avaliação do desempenho físico. Em seguida, os corações foram removidos para a análise histopatológica e morfométrica e cardiomiócitos foram isolados por dispersão enzimática para análise das propriedades mecânicas. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que a infecção com T. cruzi prejudicou a tolerância ao exercício resultando em redução significativa da distância percorrida, tempo total até a fadiga e carga de trabalho. Nos animais infectados observou-se a presença de infiltrado inflamatório, hipertrofia dos ventrículos e de cardiomiócitos do ventrículo esquerdo, além do aumento da quantidade de colágeno, vasos sanguíneos e prejuízos na mecânica celular. Miócitos atriais e ventriculares dos animais infectados mostraram redução significativa da amplitude de contração, máxima velocidade de contração e relaxamento, e aumento no tempo para metade do relaxamento. Ainda, miócitos ventriculares desses animais infectados também apresentaram aumento do tempo para o pico de contração. De acordo com esses resultados, foi possível concluir que a disfunção da contratilidade dos cardiomiócitos induzida pela infecção com T. cruzi ocorre em um ambiente morfologicamente alterado e que essas alterações podem estar associadas com a redução da tolerância ao exercício físico nos ratos infectados.Item Effects of experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection on the cardiac and pancreatic morphology and function in Wistar rats(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012-09-17) Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Maldonado, Izabel Regina dos Santos Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3517990416969519Trypanosoma cruzi, an intracellular protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of Chagas’ disease, which impair several organs, mainly the heart. In this disease, changes in cardiomyocytes biomechanics and glucose metabolism at rest and during exercise have been rarely reported. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of experimental T. cruzi infection on the cardiac and pancreatic morphophysiology in rats Wistar. The relationship between pancreatic function and exercise tolerance in these animals it was additionally analyzed. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into an uninfected (n=14) and an infected group (n=14). After nine weeks of inoculation with trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, animals were subjected to an incremental running protocol to evaluate the physical performance. Then, hearts and pancreases were removed for histopathological, stereological and biochemical analysis. Cardiomyocytes were isolated by enzymatic dispersion for analysis of biomechanical properties. The results showed that T. cruzi infection induced morphological changes in the heart and pancreas, which were evidenced by diffuse inflammatory foci, atrophy and cell death, necrosis and tissue fibrosis. Infected animals presented increased oxidation of lipids and proteins in the heart and pancreas, respectively. These animals showed changes in glucose kinetics at rest and during exercise, reduced exercise tolerance and biomechanical dysfunction in both components of contraction and relaxation of cardiomyocytes. There was no change in the number of β cells in the pancreatic islets or modification in the proportion of minerals in the cardiac tissue from infected animals. Thus, the results indicated that T. cruzi infection is able to induce pathological changes in the cardiac and pancreatic structure and function, conducing to dysfunctions in cardiomyocytes biomechanics and glucose metabolism, events potentially related to the reduced exercise tolerance in rats.Item Mesenchymal stem cells promote augmented response of endogenous neural stem cells in spinal cord injury of rats(Ciências Agrárias, 2016-03-07) Araujo, Marta Rocha; Carvalho, Pablo Herthel; Paula, Taís Silva de; Okano, Bárbara Silva; Carlo, Ricardo Junqueira Del; Neves, Clóvis Andrade; Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Cunha, Daise Nunes Queiroz daTraumatic spinal cord injury results in severe neurological deficits, mostly irreversible. The cell therapy represents a strategy for treatment particularly with the use of stem cells with satisfactory results in several experimental models. The aim of the study was to compare the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) with and without mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), to investigate whether MSCs migrate and/or remain at the site of injury, and to analyze the effects of MSCs on inflammation, astrocytic reactivity and activation of endogenous stem cells. Three hours after SCI, animals received bone marrow-derived MSCs (1×10 7 in 1mL PBS, IV). Animals were euthanized 24 hours, 7 and 21 days post-injury. The MSC were not present in the site of the lesion and the immunofluorescent evaluation showed significant attenuation of inflammatory response with reduction in macrophages labeled with anti-CD68 antibody (ED1), decreased immunoreactivity of astrocytes (GFAP+) and greater activation of endogenous stem cells (nestin+) in the treated groups. Therefore, cell transplantation have a positive effect on recovery from traumatic spinal cord injury possibly due to the potential of MSCs to attenuate the immune response.Item Ointment of Brassica oleracea var. capitata matures the extracellular matrix in skin wounds of Wistar rats(Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015) Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias; Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Matta, Sérgio Luiz Pinto da; Mezencio, Jose Mario da Silveira; Silva, Marcelo Barreto da; Zanuncio, José Cola; Gonçalves, Reggiani VilelaWound healing is a complex process that aims to restore damaged tissue. Phytotherapeutics, such as cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae), and sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae) oil, are used as wound healers. Five circular wounds, each 12 mm in diameter, were made in the dorsolateral region of each rat. The animals were divided into four groups: balsam (B. oleracea); ointment (B. oleracea); sunflower oil (Helianthus annuus); control (saline solution 0.9%). These products were applied daily for 20 days and every four days the tissues of different wounds were removed. The wound contraction area, total collagen, types I and III collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and tissue cellularity were analyzed. In the groups that received ointment and balsam there was reduction in the wound area on days 4, 8, 12, and 20. Throughout the trial period, the balsam and ointment groups showed a higher amount of total collagen, type I collagen, and glycosaminoglycan compared to the others groups. The rats in the groups treated with B. oleracea var. capitata showed a higher number of cells on days 8, 16, and 20. B. oleracea was effective in stimulating the maturation of collagen and increasing the cellularity, as also in improving the mechanical resistance of the newly formed tissue.Item Strychnos pseudoquina modulates the morphological reorganization of the scar tissue of second intention cutaneous wounds in rats(Plos One, 2018-04-12) Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias; Miranda, Lyvia Lopes; Altoé, Luciana Schulthais; Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Zanuncio, Virgínia Vinha; Leite, João Paulo Viana; Gonçalves, Reggiani VilelaNatural substances are used in folk medicines to treat injuries. Strychnos pseudoquina has scarring, antipyretic, and antimalarial actions. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of S. pseudoquina on cutaneous wound healing in rats. The S. pseudoquina extract was submitted to phytochemical prospection. The levels of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds in the extract were 50.7 mg/g and 2.59 mg/g, respectively. Thirty Wistar rats were individualized in cages with food and water ad libitum (registration no. 730/2014). After anesthesia, three circular wounds (12mm diameter) were made in the animals, which were randomly separated into five treatments: Sal, saline; VO, ointment vehicles (lanolin and Vaseline); SS, positive control (silver sulfadiazine 1%); LE 5, freeze-dried extract 5%; and LE 10, lyophilized extract 10%. The animals were treated with the ointment daily for 21 days. Every seven days, the area and the rate of wound contraction were evaluated. Tissue samples were removed for histopathological analysis of the number of mast cells, elastic and collagen fibers, and biochemical analyses, quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonylated proteins (PCN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The number of mast cells, collagen and elastic fibers in the rat wounds were higher in the treatments with the plant. The extract also stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD, presenting high levels, and maintained low levels of PCN. The TGF-β and IL-10 concentration was higher in the LE5 and LE10 treatment of the extract than in the Sal, OV and SS treatments on day 7. The ointment based on S. pseudoquina closed the wound faster and accelerated wound healing in animals.Item Use of fluorescence in a modified disector method to estimate the number of myocytes in cardiac tissue(Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2011-08-26) Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Penitente, Arlete Rita; Talvani, André; Natali, Antônio José; Neves, Clóvis Andrade; Maldonado, Izabel Regina Santos CostaConventional disector methods currently require considerable financial, technical and operational costs to estimate the number of cells, including cardyomyocytes, in a 3D area. To use fluorescence microscopy in a modified disector method to determine the number of myocytes in cardiac tissue in normal and pathological conditions. The study employed four-month-old male Wistar rats with weight of 366.25 ± 88.21g randomized in control (CG, n=8) and infected (IG, n=8) groups. IG animals were inoculated with T. cruzi Y strain (300,000 trypomastigotes/50g wt). After eight weeks, the animals were weighted and euthanized. The left ventricles (LV) were removed for stereological analysis of numerical density of cardiomyocytes (Nv[c]) and total number of these cells in the LV (N[c]). These parameters were estimated using a fluorescent disector (FD) and compared with the conventional optical (OD) and physical (PD) disector methods. In both disector methods, IG animals presented significant decrease of Nv[c] and N[c] compared to CG animals (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in these variables despite the disector method applied in CG and IG animals (P> 0.05). A strong correlation, equal or above 96%, was obtained between FD, OD and PD. The FD method seems to be equally reliable to determine Nv[c] and N[c] in normal and pathological conditions and presents some advantages compared to conventional disector methods: reduction of histological slices and images in the stereological analysis, reduction of time to analyze the images, construction of FD in simple microscopes using the epifluorescence mode, distinction of disector planes in lower magnifications.