Crescimento inicial de Bambusa vulgaris em resposta à fertilização silicatada e relações cálcio e magnésio
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Data
2023-12-11
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A cultura do bambu está presente em várias partes do globo, pois o mesmo apresenta grande versatilidade de usos. O Brasil tem grande potencial para expandir os plantios comerciais de diversas espécies de bambu, entre elas Bambusa vulgaris, no entanto, um dos maiores desafios é a busca pela otimização da adubação. Os trabalhos de pesquisa envolvendo fertilização tem demonstrado que os nutrientes cálcio, magnésio e silício são muito importantes para o crescimento adequado das plantas de bambu. Objetivou-se com essa pesquisa avaliar a influência de relações Ca:Mg e doses de silício no crescimento inicial de Bambusa vulgaris. A condução do experimento ocorreu no Viveiro de Pesquisas Florestais da Universidade Federal de Viçosa; seguindo esquema fatorial envolvendo cinco relações Ca:Mg e cinco doses de silício, disposto em esquema estatístico de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. A unidade experimental consistiu de um vaso com capacidade para 25 litros de substrato. Os tratamentos foram: cinco relações Ca:Mg (3:1; 2:1; 1:1; 1:2; 1:3) e cinco doses de silício (equivalentes a 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 t ha-1 de Agrosilício Plus®); utilizou-se carbonato de cálcio e hidróxido de magnésio como fonte de cálcio e magnésio, respectivamente; já para o silício foi utilizado Bugram Protect® via solo. A adubação de cobertura foi realizada utilizando nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio (NPK), 150 g/vaso da fórmula 02:30:10, e também aos 30 e 60 dias depois do plantio foi adicionado 100 g/vaso de Sulfato de amonio (SA) e 100 g/vaso de Cloreto de Potássio (KCl), em cada adubação. Após 300 dias de cultivo as plantas foram colhidas e iniciou-se os trabalhos de avaliação; sendo feita a quantificação do número de brotos, diâmetro e altura dos colmos, e massa de matéria seca (folhas, galhos, colmos, rizomas e raiz fina). Os dados coletados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o software Statistica 13 (ano 2015), efetuando as análises e os testes: análise de variância, testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste de Hartley, análise descritiva dos dados e aplicação do teste Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados demonstraram não haver diferença significativa em relação aos tratamentos aplicados. No entanto, foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados, e foi observada tendência de maior massa de matéria seca nos colmos e rizoma. Pode-se concluir que doses de silício e relações Ca:Mg não afetam o crescimento inicial de Bambusa vulgaris, considerando a metodologia e resultados obtidos no presente trabalho. Recomenda-se replicar trabalhos dessa natureza em campo para avaliação em idades mais avançadas. Palavras-chave: Palavras-chave: Bambusa vulgaris; Fertilização mineral; Saturação por bases; Silício.
Bamboo is a culture widely distributed in various parts of the globe and has great versatility of uses. Brazil has great potential to expand commercial plantations of various bamboo species, including bamboo vulgaris, however, one of the biggest challenges is the search for fertilization optimization. Research work involving bamboo fertilization has shown that calcium, magnesium and silicon nutrients are very important for the proper development of bamboo plants. This research was aimed at evaluating the influence of different Ca: Mg relationships and silicon doses on the growth of vulgaris Bambush. The conduct of the experiment occurred in the forest research nursery of the Federal University of Viçosa; The vessels with bamboo seedlings were allocated in full sun and distributed in 5 blocks (each block containing 25 plants, ie 5 levels of Ca: Mg and 5 doses of silicon). The treatments were as follows: five relations Ca:Mg (3: 1; 2: 1; 1: 1; 1: 2; 1: 3) and five doses of silicon (equivalent to 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 t ha-1 de Agrosilício Plus); Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide was used as a source of calcium and magnesium, respectively; already for silicon was used Bugram Protect® via soil. Planting and coverage fertilizers were performed using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), in a total of 45 gvessel-1 de P2O5 , 20 g vessel-1 de N and 50 g vessel-1 de K2O. After 300 days of cultivation the plants were harvested and the evaluation work began; number of sprouts, diameter and height of the stalks, and dry mass (leaves, branches, stalks, aerial, rhizomes, thin root, underground part and total dry mass) was quantified. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Software Statistica 13 (Year 2015), the following tests were done: variance analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Hartley test, descriptive data analysis and application of the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that there was no significant difference from the applied treatments. However, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the trend of higher dry mass was observed in the stalks and rhizome. It can be concluded that doses of silicon and relations Ca:Mg do not affect the initial growth of Bambusa vulgaris, considering the methodology and results obtained in the present work. It is recommended to replicate work of this nature in the field for evaluation at more advanced ages. Keywords: Keywords: Bambusa vulgaris; Mineral fertilization; Saturation by bases; Silicon.
Bamboo is a culture widely distributed in various parts of the globe and has great versatility of uses. Brazil has great potential to expand commercial plantations of various bamboo species, including bamboo vulgaris, however, one of the biggest challenges is the search for fertilization optimization. Research work involving bamboo fertilization has shown that calcium, magnesium and silicon nutrients are very important for the proper development of bamboo plants. This research was aimed at evaluating the influence of different Ca: Mg relationships and silicon doses on the growth of vulgaris Bambush. The conduct of the experiment occurred in the forest research nursery of the Federal University of Viçosa; The vessels with bamboo seedlings were allocated in full sun and distributed in 5 blocks (each block containing 25 plants, ie 5 levels of Ca: Mg and 5 doses of silicon). The treatments were as follows: five relations Ca:Mg (3: 1; 2: 1; 1: 1; 1: 2; 1: 3) and five doses of silicon (equivalent to 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 t ha-1 de Agrosilício Plus); Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide was used as a source of calcium and magnesium, respectively; already for silicon was used Bugram Protect® via soil. Planting and coverage fertilizers were performed using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), in a total of 45 gvessel-1 de P2O5 , 20 g vessel-1 de N and 50 g vessel-1 de K2O. After 300 days of cultivation the plants were harvested and the evaluation work began; number of sprouts, diameter and height of the stalks, and dry mass (leaves, branches, stalks, aerial, rhizomes, thin root, underground part and total dry mass) was quantified. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Software Statistica 13 (Year 2015), the following tests were done: variance analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Hartley test, descriptive data analysis and application of the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that there was no significant difference from the applied treatments. However, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, and the trend of higher dry mass was observed in the stalks and rhizome. It can be concluded that doses of silicon and relations Ca:Mg do not affect the initial growth of Bambusa vulgaris, considering the methodology and results obtained in the present work. It is recommended to replicate work of this nature in the field for evaluation at more advanced ages. Keywords: Keywords: Bambusa vulgaris; Mineral fertilization; Saturation by bases; Silicon.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bambu - Crescimento - Efeito dos adubos e fertilizantes, Silício, Cálcio, Magnésio
Citação
LADEIRA, João Paulo Silva. Crescimento inicial de Bambusa vulgaris em resposta à fertilização silicatada e relações cálcio e magnésio. 2023. 63 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.