Fusões e incorporações e o desempenho das cooperativas de crédito brasileiras
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Data
2012-04-09
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
As cooperativas de crédito possuem um importante papel econômico e social no Brasil. Intermediam as operações financeiras de seus membros, procurando fazê-lo ao menor custo possível; facilita o acesso ao crédito àqueles que estão às margens do tradicional sistema bancário e atuam como regulador de mercado, impedindo a prática de taxas abusivas pelos bancos tradicionais. No entanto, a expansão das atividades das cooperativas de crédito tem sido limitada por questões pertinentes a sua própria natureza e devido a concorrência acirrada. Questões como a limitada escala de operação, devido ao fato de atuarem isoladamente, tem levado as cooperativas a dificuldades de alavancarem mercado. Diante disso, as fusões e incorporações tem surgido como alternativa a permanência e crescimentos destas instituições, sendo relevante analisar o impacto que as F&A exerceram sobre o desempenho das cooperativas que já ingressaram um processo de F&A entre os anos de 2001 e 2008. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o efeito das F&A sobre o desempenho das cooperativas de crédito. Especificamente, analisar os fatores mais relacionados ao nível de desempenho destas cooperativas. A análise empírica proposta foi baseada na Análise Envoltória de Dados e no modelo de regressão quantílica. Os resultados identificaram ter ocorrido melhora no desempenho das cooperativas após as F&A, tanto com relação aos fatores técnicos quanto de escala. Com relação aos fatores mais relacionados a esta melhora de desempenho, destacou-se o nível de imobilização do capital próprio e a despesa administrativa. Por fim os resultados sinalizaram a presença de instituições mais sólidas e com maior sustentabilidade financeira após terem ingressado um processo de F&A.
Credit unions have an important economic and social role in Brazil. Mediate financial transactions of its members, seeking to do so at the lowest possible cost, easier access to credit to those who are on the margins of the traditional banking system and act as market regulator, preventing the unfair practice charges by traditional banks. However, the expansion of activities of credit unions has been limited by questions regarding its nature and due to fierce competition. Issues such as limited scale of operation, due to the fact of acting alone, has led to difficulties inco-operatives market leverage. Thus, mergers and acquisitions has emerged as an alternative to permanence and growth of these institutions is important to analyze the impact that M& A had on the performance of cooperatives that have already entered a process of M & A between the years2001and 2008. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effect of M & A on the performance of credit unions. Specifically, analyzing the factors most related to the level of performance of these cooperatives. The empirical analysis was proposed based on data envelopment analysis and quantile regression model. The results have been identified improvement in the performance of cooperatives after the M & A, both with respect to scale and technical factors. With respect to the factors most related to this improved performance, highlighted the level of immobilization of equity and administrative expenses. Finally the results showed the presence of stronger institutions and greater financial sustainability after they have entered a process of M &A.
Credit unions have an important economic and social role in Brazil. Mediate financial transactions of its members, seeking to do so at the lowest possible cost, easier access to credit to those who are on the margins of the traditional banking system and act as market regulator, preventing the unfair practice charges by traditional banks. However, the expansion of activities of credit unions has been limited by questions regarding its nature and due to fierce competition. Issues such as limited scale of operation, due to the fact of acting alone, has led to difficulties inco-operatives market leverage. Thus, mergers and acquisitions has emerged as an alternative to permanence and growth of these institutions is important to analyze the impact that M& A had on the performance of cooperatives that have already entered a process of M & A between the years2001and 2008. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effect of M & A on the performance of credit unions. Specifically, analyzing the factors most related to the level of performance of these cooperatives. The empirical analysis was proposed based on data envelopment analysis and quantile regression model. The results have been identified improvement in the performance of cooperatives after the M & A, both with respect to scale and technical factors. With respect to the factors most related to this improved performance, highlighted the level of immobilization of equity and administrative expenses. Finally the results showed the presence of stronger institutions and greater financial sustainability after they have entered a process of M &A.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cooperativas de crédito, Fusões, Incorporações, Desempenho, Regressões, Credit unions, Mergers, Acquisitions, Performance, Regressions
Citação
AMARAL, Isis de Castro. Mergers and acquisitions and performance of brazilian credit unions. 2012. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia e Gerenciamento do Agronegócio; Economia das Relações Internacionais; Economia dos Recursos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2012.