Autoavaliação da saúde bucal do adolescente brasileiro residente na região Sudeste: prevalências e fatores associados
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A autoavaliação da saúde bucal por adolescentes brasileiros configura-se como uma problemática que pode afetar a qualidade de vida do indivíduo, de seu núcleo familiar e da comunidade em que está inserido. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a autoavaliação da saúde bucal entre adolescentes brasileiros de 15 a 19 anos, residentes na região Sudeste do Brasil. Além disso, investigaram- se as associações dessa autoavaliação com variáveis relacionadas às condições clínicas, demográficas, de facilitação/predisposição, de percepção e de impactos na rotina. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal, com base na análise de dados secundários provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal – Projeto SB Brasil. Utilizou-se o pacote estatístico Stata, versão 17.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Estados Unidos) com aplicação de análises descritiva, bivariada e multivariável, por meio de regressão múltipla, a fim de estimar as associações entre a autoavaliação da saúde bucal e as variáveis explicativas selecionadas para a modelagem. Os resultados indicaram que uma parcela expressiva dos adolescentes avaliou negativamente sua saúde bucal, sendo essa percepção associada a fatores como idade mais avançada dentro da faixa etária analisada, condição socioeconômica desfavorável, dor de dente nos últimos seis meses, perda dentária por lesão de cárie, presença de cálculo dentário, necessidade autorreferida de tratamento odontológico e maior intervalo desde a última consulta odontológica. Esses achados reforçam a importância da autoavaliação como indicador subjetivo sensível às desigualdades sociais, às condições clínicas e aos fatores psicossociais que envolvem o adolescente. Assim, sugere-se a inclusão da autoavaliação da saúde bucal na elaboração, implementação e avaliação de políticas públicas voltadas à saúde e à qualidade de vida dos adolescentes, de suas famílias e comunidades. Palavras-chave: saúde bucal; qualidade de vida; adolescente; odontologia; autoavaliação de saúde.
Self-assessment of oral health by Brazilian adolescents is a problem that can affect the quality of life of the individual, his/her family, and the community in which he/she lives. Thus, this study aims to analyze the self-assessment of oral health in Brazilian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years living in the Southeast region of Brazil. In addition, the associations of this self-assessment with variables related to clinical, demographic, facilitating/predisposing, perception, and impacts on routine were investigated. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted through the analysis of secondary data obtained from the National Oral Health Survey – SB Brazil Project. The statistical package used was Stata version 17.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, United States) and descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis with multiple regression were performed to estimate the associations between self-assessed oral health and each of the explanatory variables selected for modeling. It was observed that a significant proportion of the adolescents evaluated their oral health negatively, and this perception was associated with factors such as older age within the analyzed age range, unfavorable socioeconomic status, toothache in the last six months, tooth loss due to caries, presence of dental calculus, self-reported need for dental treatment, and longer interval since the last dental appointment. These findings reinforce the importance of self-assessment as a subjective indicator sensitive to social inequalities and the clinical and psychosocial conditions of adolescents. Therefore, this study suggests that self-assessment of oral health should be included in the development, implementation, and analysis of public policies aimed at the health and quality of life of adolescents, their families and communities. Keywords: oral health; quality of life; adolescent; dentistry; self-assessment of health.
Self-assessment of oral health by Brazilian adolescents is a problem that can affect the quality of life of the individual, his/her family, and the community in which he/she lives. Thus, this study aims to analyze the self-assessment of oral health in Brazilian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years living in the Southeast region of Brazil. In addition, the associations of this self-assessment with variables related to clinical, demographic, facilitating/predisposing, perception, and impacts on routine were investigated. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted through the analysis of secondary data obtained from the National Oral Health Survey – SB Brazil Project. The statistical package used was Stata version 17.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, United States) and descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis with multiple regression were performed to estimate the associations between self-assessed oral health and each of the explanatory variables selected for modeling. It was observed that a significant proportion of the adolescents evaluated their oral health negatively, and this perception was associated with factors such as older age within the analyzed age range, unfavorable socioeconomic status, toothache in the last six months, tooth loss due to caries, presence of dental calculus, self-reported need for dental treatment, and longer interval since the last dental appointment. These findings reinforce the importance of self-assessment as a subjective indicator sensitive to social inequalities and the clinical and psychosocial conditions of adolescents. Therefore, this study suggests that self-assessment of oral health should be included in the development, implementation, and analysis of public policies aimed at the health and quality of life of adolescents, their families and communities. Keywords: oral health; quality of life; adolescent; dentistry; self-assessment of health.
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NEVES, Sheyla Omonte. Autoavaliação da saúde bucal do adolescente brasileiro residente na região Sudeste: prevalências e fatores associados. 2025. 114 f. Tese (Doutorado em Economia Doméstica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
