Processo de reinstitucionalização de crianças/adolescentes: o caso do Consórcio Intermunicipal de Assistência a Criança e Adolescente – Viçosa/MG
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A presente dissertação trata de uma pesquisa acerca da problemática do processo de reinstitucionalização de crianças/adolescentes em uma cidade de porte médio – Viçosa/MG. Neste estudo, denomina-se processo de reinstitucionalização, quando a família, instituição de origem da criança e do adolescente, perde o poder familiar, sendo a criança e o adolescente encaminhados a uma outra instituição, no caso, um estabelecimento de acolhimento, que representa o Estado. O presente estudo buscou responder aos seguintes questionamentos: Quais motivos levam as crianças/adolescentes a um processo de reinstitucionalização? Quais seriam os fatores presentes na realidade de uma cidade de porte médio que possuem semelhança com os fatores apontados nos dados nacionais para esse fenômeno? Quais os principais fatores identificados como motivadores para a reinstitucionalização, em cidades de médio porte? Especificamente pretende-se analisar a reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes, destacando os principais fatores que conduziram ao acolhimento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo descritivo-exploratório, caracterizando-se como um estudo de caso de natureza quali-quantitativa. Metodologicamente, foi realizado o estado da arte das produções científicas sobre a reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade. Foi feito uso da Análise Institucional (AI), a partir da técnica denominada Análise de Papel, que é baseada na análise de documentos, por meio da consulta às guias de acolhimento e de desligamento de crianças e adolescentes, aos arquivos impressos de documentos históricos e relatórios técnicos produzidos no período compreendido entre 2009 a 2022, com informações sobre os principais motivos de acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes no CIACA. Os resultados identificaram que a reinstitucionalização possui múltiplas determinações. Constatou-se que a simples retirada da criança do âmbito familiar não soluciona os problemas, porque essa medida não vem acompanhada das demais políticas públicas que garantam proteção a essas famílias. Pode-se verificar um alto índice de pais e/ou responsáveis usuários de álcool e outras drogas, como principal fator da reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes. Destaca-se também a importância que as instituições envolvidas no acolhimento atuem, por meio de um trabalho interdisciplinar, e avaliem se a família tem acesso aos serviços que ajudem a superar os motivos que levarm a retirada da criança e /ou adolescente. Pode-se concluir que a reinstitucionalização possui ainda forte relação com a situação de pobreza e ausência de políticas públicas efetivas para o acompanhamento das famílias. Palavras - chave: crianças e adolescentes; políticas sociais; reinstitucionalização.
This dissertation deals with research into the problem of the process of reinstitutionalization of children/adolescents in a medium-sized city – Viçosa/MG. In this study, the process of reinstitutionalization is called when the family, the institution of origin of the child and adolescent, loses family power, with the child and adolescent being sent to another institution, in this case, a reception establishment, which represents the state. The present study sought to answer the following questions: What reasons lead children/adolescents to a reinstitutionalization process? What would be the factors present in the reality of a medium-sized city that are similar to the factors highlighted in national data for this phenomenon? What are the main factors identified as motivators for reinstitutionalization in medium-sized cities? Specifically, we intend to analyze the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents, highlighting the main factors that led to reception. This is descriptive-exploratory research, characterized as a case study of a qualitative-quantitative nature. Methodologically, the state of the art of scientific productions on the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents in vulnerable situations was achieved. Institutional Analysis (AI) was used, based on the technique called Paper Analysis, which is based on document analysis, through consultation of reception and dismissal guides for children and adolescents, printed files of historical documents and technical reports produced in the period between 2009 and 2022, with information on the main reasons for institutional care of children and adolescents at CIACA. The results identified that reinstitutionalization has multiple determinations. It was found that simply removing the child from the family does not solve the problems, because this measure is not accompanied by other public policies that guarantee protection for these families. A high rate of parents and/or guardians using alcohol and other drugs can be seen as the main factor in the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents. It is also important to highlight the importance that the institutions involved in reception act, through interdisciplinary work, and assess whether the family has access to services that help overcome the reasons that lead to the removal of the child and/or adolescent. It can be concluded that reinstitutionalization still has a strong relationship with the situation of poverty and the absence of effective public policies to monitor families. Keywords: children and adolescents; social politics; reinstitutionalization.
This dissertation deals with research into the problem of the process of reinstitutionalization of children/adolescents in a medium-sized city – Viçosa/MG. In this study, the process of reinstitutionalization is called when the family, the institution of origin of the child and adolescent, loses family power, with the child and adolescent being sent to another institution, in this case, a reception establishment, which represents the state. The present study sought to answer the following questions: What reasons lead children/adolescents to a reinstitutionalization process? What would be the factors present in the reality of a medium-sized city that are similar to the factors highlighted in national data for this phenomenon? What are the main factors identified as motivators for reinstitutionalization in medium-sized cities? Specifically, we intend to analyze the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents, highlighting the main factors that led to reception. This is descriptive-exploratory research, characterized as a case study of a qualitative-quantitative nature. Methodologically, the state of the art of scientific productions on the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents in vulnerable situations was achieved. Institutional Analysis (AI) was used, based on the technique called Paper Analysis, which is based on document analysis, through consultation of reception and dismissal guides for children and adolescents, printed files of historical documents and technical reports produced in the period between 2009 and 2022, with information on the main reasons for institutional care of children and adolescents at CIACA. The results identified that reinstitutionalization has multiple determinations. It was found that simply removing the child from the family does not solve the problems, because this measure is not accompanied by other public policies that guarantee protection for these families. A high rate of parents and/or guardians using alcohol and other drugs can be seen as the main factor in the reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents. It is also important to highlight the importance that the institutions involved in reception act, through interdisciplinary work, and assess whether the family has access to services that help overcome the reasons that lead to the removal of the child and/or adolescent. It can be concluded that reinstitutionalization still has a strong relationship with the situation of poverty and the absence of effective public policies to monitor families. Keywords: children and adolescents; social politics; reinstitutionalization.
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FIRMINO, Dayse Oliveira. Processo de reinstitucionalização de crianças/adolescentes: o caso do Consórcio Intermunicipal de Assistência a Criança e Adolescente – Viçosa/MG. 2024. 153 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia Doméstica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
