A proteção à natureza no Brasil: entre a patrimonialização e a legislação ambiental (1934/1988)
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Data
2025-02-21
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Neste trabalho, buscou-se analisar a proteção conferida à natureza no Brasil, tanto pela legislação patrimonial quanto pela legislação jurídica ligada à defesa ambiental, analisando, para tanto, os valores atribuídos à natureza por cada uma dessas esferas, a fim de entender se há dicotomia no tratamento da pauta entre cada uma dessas instâncias. A análise dos valores atribuídos à natureza teve como base a pesquisa dos processos de tombamento dos bens naturais patrimonializados cadastrados no IPHAN e o exame de algumas das legislações ambientais no período de 1934 a 1988. O marco temporal inicial tem como fundamento a instituição das primeiras leis ambientais em âmbito nacional e da primeira legislação patrimonial que constituiu o Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (SPHAN) nos anos de 1930, e o marco final tem como data a promulgação da última Constituição brasileira, em 1988. Por meio da análise dos documentos e da legislação, verificou-se que não existe dicotomia de valores entre as duas instâncias, mas, sim, uma divisão de tratamento na competência de atribuições quanto à proteção dos bens naturais. Ao final da análise, gerou-se um produto, requisito obrigatório do mestrado profissional, que constitui uma proposta de adequação da legislação do IPHAN para a proteção dos bens naturais. Palavras-chave: Natureza; Patrimônio Natural; Legislação Ambiental; Legislação patrimonial.
This paper analyzes the protection granted to nature in Brazil, both by heritage legislation and by legal legislation related to environmental protection, analyzing the values attributed to nature by each of these spheres, seeking to understand whether there is a dichotomy in the treatment of the issue between each of these instances. The analysis of the values attributed to nature was based on research into the processes of listing heritage-listed natural assets registered with IPHAN, and the examination of some of the environmental legislation between 1934 and 1988. The initial time frame is based on the institution of the first environmental laws at the national level in Brazil and the first heritage legislation that constituted SPHAN – National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service in the 1930s, and the final time frame is based on the promulgation of the last Brazilian Constitution, 1988. Through the analysis of documents and legislation, it is reinforced that there is no dichotomy of values between the two instances, but rather a division of treatment in the competence of attributions regarding the protection of natural assets. At the end of the analysis, a product was generated, a mandatory requirement of the professional master's degree, which constitutes a proposal for adapting the legislation of IPHAN – National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage – for the protection of natural assets. Keywords: Nature; Natural Heritage; Environmental Legislation; Heritage Legislation.
This paper analyzes the protection granted to nature in Brazil, both by heritage legislation and by legal legislation related to environmental protection, analyzing the values attributed to nature by each of these spheres, seeking to understand whether there is a dichotomy in the treatment of the issue between each of these instances. The analysis of the values attributed to nature was based on research into the processes of listing heritage-listed natural assets registered with IPHAN, and the examination of some of the environmental legislation between 1934 and 1988. The initial time frame is based on the institution of the first environmental laws at the national level in Brazil and the first heritage legislation that constituted SPHAN – National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service in the 1930s, and the final time frame is based on the promulgation of the last Brazilian Constitution, 1988. Through the analysis of documents and legislation, it is reinforced that there is no dichotomy of values between the two instances, but rather a division of treatment in the competence of attributions regarding the protection of natural assets. At the end of the analysis, a product was generated, a mandatory requirement of the professional master's degree, which constitutes a proposal for adapting the legislation of IPHAN – National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage – for the protection of natural assets. Keywords: Nature; Natural Heritage; Environmental Legislation; Heritage Legislation.
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Palavras-chave
Proteção ambiental - Legislação - Brasil, Conservação da natureza - Legislação - Brasil
Citação
SANTANA, Camila Stofeles Cecon. A proteção à natureza no Brasil: entre a patrimonialização e a legislação ambiental (1934/1988). 2025. 119 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Patrimônio Cultural, Paisagens e Cidadania) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.