Desempenho do Capim-Mombaça cultivado com polímero hidroretentor
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Data
2025-01-23
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Os polímeros hidroretentores, como o UPDT®, são aplicados para aumentar a retenção de água no solo. Entretanto, o uso excessivo gera altos custos econômicos e pode prejudicar o crescimento e desenvolvimento das folhas das plantas forrageiras devido ao acúmulo de água. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho das características morfológicas e agronômicas do capim-mombaça em função de diferentes doses de um polímero hidroretentor identificado como UPDT® em ambiente controlado. As doses de UPDT® foram de 0, 7,5, 15, 22,5 e 30 kg ha⁻¹. Cada dose foi avaliada em quatro ciclos de cultivo, após um ciclo inicial de uniformização das plantas. Durante os ciclos de avaliação, o manejo de irrigação foi monitorado para garantir a reposição adequada de água, evitando déficit hídrico. As variáveis analisadas incluíram características morfogênicas, como número de folhas vivas (NFV), número final de folhas emitidas (NFEm), taxa de aparecimento de folhas (TApF) e taxa de alongamento de colmo (TAlC), além de características agronômicas relacionadas à produção de massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA). A análise estatística foi realizada por meio de delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições para cada tratamento. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e, quando detectadas diferenças significativas, foi aplicado o teste de regressão para verificar as respostas das variáveis às doses de UPDT®. Os resultados mostraram que as características morfológicas sofrem influência nos ciclos iniciais e intermediários, enquanto as doses com UPDT® apresentaram variações ao longo dos ciclos de cultivo do capim. Nos ciclos intermediários, houve resposta quadrática para NFEm, NFV, TApF e TAlC às doses de UPDT®. No ciclo final, observou-se uma redução no NFEm, NFV, TAlC, TAlF sugerindo degradação do polímero e menor retenção hídrica, o que foi evidenciado com a redução da produtividade de água. Enquanto, para as características agronômicas avaliadas do desempenho do capim-mombaça sofreram mais influência e durou por todos os ciclos com destaque para o ciclo 4, o qual teve um aumento da temperatura do ar, que auxiliou numa maior produtividade de MSPA, em comparação as anteriores. Conclui-se que o UPDT® beneficia o capim-mombaça nos ciclos iniciais e intermediários, mas sua eficácia reduz ao longo dos ciclos de cultivo, sendo necessário avaliar a durabilidade do produto em ciclos de cultivo longos. Palavras-Chave: Morfogênese, pastagem irrigada, UPDT®.
Hydroretentive polymers, such as UPDT®, are applied to increase soil water retention. However, excessive use leads to high economic costs and may harm the growth and development of forage plant leaves due to water accumulation. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the performance of the morphological and agronomic characteristics of Mombasa grass under different doses of a hydroretentive polymer identified as UPDT® in a controlled environment. The UPDT® doses were 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 kg ha⁻¹. Each dose was evaluated over four cultivation cycles after an initial cycle for plant uniformization. During the evaluation cycles, irrigation management was monitored to ensure adequate water replenishment, preventing water deficit. The analyzed variables included morphogenic characteristics such as the number of live leaves (NFV), the final number of leaves emitted (NFEm), leaf appearance rate (TApF), and stem elongation rate (TAlC), as well as agronomic traits related to dry matter yield of the aerial part (MSPA). The statistical analysis was conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications for each treatment. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and when significant differences were detected, a regression test was applied to assess the variable responses to the UPDT® doses. The results showed that morphological characteristics were influenced during the initial and intermediate cycles, while UPDT® doses presented variations throughout the Mombasa grass cultivation cycles. In the intermediate cycles, there was a quadratic response for NFEm, NFV, TApF, and TAlC to UPDT® doses. In the final cycle, a reduction in NFEm, NFV, TAlC, and TAlF was observed, suggesting polymer degradation and reduced water retention, which was evidenced by a decrease in water productivity. Regarding the agronomic characteristics, the Mombasa grass performance was more significantly influenced and persisted throughout all cycles, with cycle 4 standing out due to increased air temperature, which contributed to a higher MSPA yield compared to the previous cycles. It is concluded that UPDT® benefits Mombasa grass during the initial and intermediate cycles, but its effectiveness decreases over time, highlighting the need to assess the product's durability in long-term cultivation cycles. Keywords: Morphogenesis, irrigated pasture, UPDT®.
Hydroretentive polymers, such as UPDT®, are applied to increase soil water retention. However, excessive use leads to high economic costs and may harm the growth and development of forage plant leaves due to water accumulation. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the performance of the morphological and agronomic characteristics of Mombasa grass under different doses of a hydroretentive polymer identified as UPDT® in a controlled environment. The UPDT® doses were 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, and 30 kg ha⁻¹. Each dose was evaluated over four cultivation cycles after an initial cycle for plant uniformization. During the evaluation cycles, irrigation management was monitored to ensure adequate water replenishment, preventing water deficit. The analyzed variables included morphogenic characteristics such as the number of live leaves (NFV), the final number of leaves emitted (NFEm), leaf appearance rate (TApF), and stem elongation rate (TAlC), as well as agronomic traits related to dry matter yield of the aerial part (MSPA). The statistical analysis was conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications for each treatment. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and when significant differences were detected, a regression test was applied to assess the variable responses to the UPDT® doses. The results showed that morphological characteristics were influenced during the initial and intermediate cycles, while UPDT® doses presented variations throughout the Mombasa grass cultivation cycles. In the intermediate cycles, there was a quadratic response for NFEm, NFV, TApF, and TAlC to UPDT® doses. In the final cycle, a reduction in NFEm, NFV, TAlC, and TAlF was observed, suggesting polymer degradation and reduced water retention, which was evidenced by a decrease in water productivity. Regarding the agronomic characteristics, the Mombasa grass performance was more significantly influenced and persisted throughout all cycles, with cycle 4 standing out due to increased air temperature, which contributed to a higher MSPA yield compared to the previous cycles. It is concluded that UPDT® benefits Mombasa grass during the initial and intermediate cycles, but its effectiveness decreases over time, highlighting the need to assess the product's durability in long-term cultivation cycles. Keywords: Morphogenesis, irrigated pasture, UPDT®.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Morfogênese, Pastagem irrigada, UPDT®
Citação
MIRANDA, Amilton Gabriel Siqueira de. Desempenho do Capim-Mombaça cultivado com polímero hidroretentor. 2025. 41 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.