Combinação das técnicas de precipitação ácida e complexação para obtenção de frações enriquecidas de α-lactoalbumina e β-lactoglobulina do isolado protéico de soro de leite
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Data
2008-07-30
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram estudados os efeitos da combinação de duas técnicas de recuperação de proteínas, com o objetivo de se obter uma fração enriquecida em α-lactoalbumina e uma enriquecida em β-lactoglobulina, a partir de isolado protéico de soro de leite comercial (WPI). As técnicas empregadas foram a precipitação ácida e a complexação do íon cálcio, presente no interior da α-La. A matéria-prima utilizada foi o WPI da marca BiPRO®, produzido e comercializado pela Davisco Food International Inc., USA. No soro reconstituído foram investigados cinco fatores: pH, tempo de agitação, temperatura de processo, tipo de complexante, e a concentração do WPI. Após a adição do ácido lático ou cítrico e centrifugação, foram obtidas duas frações, uma sobrenadante e uma precipitado, que foram submetidos, individualmente, e para cada tratamento, a análises cromatográficas (HPLC), para avaliar as quantidades de α-La e β-Lg presentes em cada uma. Para o precipitado, rico em α- La, verificou-se que as melhores condições de recuperação dessa proteína, com a restrição imposta de se minimizar a co- precipitação de β-Lg, foram: tempo de agitação de 30 minutos, temperatura de processo de 40 °C, pH 3,9, 12,0 % (m/m) para a concentração de WPI, e a utilização de ácido cítrico como complexante. Para o sobrenadante, rico em β-Lg, verificou-se que as melhores condições de recuperação dessa proteína, com a restrição imposta de se minimizar a co- recuperação de α-La, foram: tempo de agitação de 30 minutos, temperatura de processo de 30 °C, pH 3,9, 9 % (m/m) de WPI, e ácido lático como acidificante, podendo, em sua substituição, ser utilizado um outro acidificante de menor custo. Em adição µas análises realizadas para o precipitado e para o sobrenadante, estabeleceu-se uma função-objetivo que permitiu estimar, dentro das condições experimentais realizadas, um ponto de otimização. Este ponto refere-se aos valores dos níveis dos fatores em estudo cuja recuperação de α-La no precipitado e a recuperação de β-Lg no sobre- nadante são simultaneamente maximizadas, enquanto que a co-recuperação de α-La no sobrenadante e a co-precipitação de β-Lg no precipitado são minimizadas. Nestas condições os valores encontrados foram: tempo de agitação 30 minutos, temperatura de processo 40 °C, pH ajustado para 3,9 com ácido cítrico, concentração de WPI igual a 9 % (m/m), e adição de citrato de sódio tribásico como agente complexante.
In this work it was studied the effects of the combination of two techniques for proteins recovering, in order to obtain an enriched fraction in α-lactalbumin and an enriched one in β-lactoglobulin, from commercial whey protein isolate (WPI) of cheese. The employed techniques were the acid precipitation and the complexation of calcium ion, present inside α-La. The used raw material was WPI of BiPRO® mark, produced and marketed by Davisco Food International Inc., USA. In the reconstituted whey five factors were investigated: pH, time of agitation, temperature of process, complexing type, and concentration of WPI. After addition of acid and centrifugation, were obtained two fractions: one fraction supernatant and a fraction of precipitate, that were submitted, individually, and for each treatment, to chromatographic analyses (HPLC), to evaluate the amount of α-La and β-Lg present in each one. For the precipitate, enriched in α- La, it was detected that the best conditions of protein recovering, with the imposed restriction of minimizing the co-precipitation of β-Lg, were: time of agitation of 30 minutes, process temperature of 40 °C pH 3.9, 12.0 % (w/w) for WPI concentration, and the use of citric acid as complexing. For the supernatant, enriched in β-Lg, it was detected that the best conditions of protein recovery, with the imposed restriction of minimizing co-recovering of α-La, were: agitation time of 30 minutes, process temperature of 30 °C, pH 3.9, 9 % (w/w) of WPI, and the use of lactic acid as acidifier, being able to, in it's substitution, another acidifier of smaller cost to be used. In addition to the analyses accomplished for the precipitate and for supernatant, was settled down a objective function that allowed to esteem, over the experimental conditions accomplished, a point of optimization. This point refers to values of levels of the factors in study whose recovery of α-La in the precipitate and the recovery of β-Lg in the supernatant are simultaneously maximized, while the co-recovery of α-La in the supernatant and the co-precipitation of β-Lg in precipitate are minimized. In these conditions the found values were: agitation time: 30 minutes, process temperature: 40 °C, pH adjusted for 3.9 with citric acid, concentration of WPI of 9 % (w/w), and addition of tribasic sodium citrate as the complexing agent.
In this work it was studied the effects of the combination of two techniques for proteins recovering, in order to obtain an enriched fraction in α-lactalbumin and an enriched one in β-lactoglobulin, from commercial whey protein isolate (WPI) of cheese. The employed techniques were the acid precipitation and the complexation of calcium ion, present inside α-La. The used raw material was WPI of BiPRO® mark, produced and marketed by Davisco Food International Inc., USA. In the reconstituted whey five factors were investigated: pH, time of agitation, temperature of process, complexing type, and concentration of WPI. After addition of acid and centrifugation, were obtained two fractions: one fraction supernatant and a fraction of precipitate, that were submitted, individually, and for each treatment, to chromatographic analyses (HPLC), to evaluate the amount of α-La and β-Lg present in each one. For the precipitate, enriched in α- La, it was detected that the best conditions of protein recovering, with the imposed restriction of minimizing the co-precipitation of β-Lg, were: time of agitation of 30 minutes, process temperature of 40 °C pH 3.9, 12.0 % (w/w) for WPI concentration, and the use of citric acid as complexing. For the supernatant, enriched in β-Lg, it was detected that the best conditions of protein recovery, with the imposed restriction of minimizing co-recovering of α-La, were: agitation time of 30 minutes, process temperature of 30 °C, pH 3.9, 9 % (w/w) of WPI, and the use of lactic acid as acidifier, being able to, in it's substitution, another acidifier of smaller cost to be used. In addition to the analyses accomplished for the precipitate and for supernatant, was settled down a objective function that allowed to esteem, over the experimental conditions accomplished, a point of optimization. This point refers to values of levels of the factors in study whose recovery of α-La in the precipitate and the recovery of β-Lg in the supernatant are simultaneously maximized, while the co-recovery of α-La in the supernatant and the co-precipitation of β-Lg in precipitate are minimized. In these conditions the found values were: agitation time: 30 minutes, process temperature: 40 °C, pH adjusted for 3.9 with citric acid, concentration of WPI of 9 % (w/w), and addition of tribasic sodium citrate as the complexing agent.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soro de queijo, Precipitação, Alfa-lactoalbumina, Cheese whey, Precipitation, α-lactoalbumina, β-lactoglobulin
Citação
ROCHA, Roney Alves da. Combination of the techniques of acid precipitation and complexing for obtaining of enriched fractions of α- lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin from whey protein isolate of milk. 2008. 92 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência de Alimentos; Tecnologia de Alimentos; Engenharia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008.