A linguagem cartográfica nos livros didáticos da educação básica em escolas públicas da zona urbana de Viçosa - MG: uma análise entre os anos de 2020 a 2024
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A Cartografia é crucial para a compreensão do território geográfico facilitando a interpretação de conceitos espaciais. No ensino de Geografia, ela promove a análise crítica do ambiente e o desenvolvimento de habilidades espaciais. No contexto educacional, sua integração nos Livros Didáticos (LDs) fornece uma base estruturada para os alunos, e os capacita a desenvolver habilidades fundamentais de interpretação espacial. A pesquisa tem como foco a análise da linguagem cartográfica nos livros didáticos da educação básica em escolas públicas da área urbana de Viçosa, MG, entre os anos de 2020 a 2024. Investigando como a linguagem cartográfica é apresentada nos livros de Geografia e de que maneira influencia a compreensão e o aprendizado dos conceitos cartográficos. A pesquisa também visou compreender a percepção dos professores de Geografia sobre o uso desses materiais dentro de sala de aula. Metodologicamente adota-se uma abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, dividida em três fases. Primeiramente, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico e a construção do estado da arte. Em seguida, foram analisados os livros didáticos, considerando critérios como clareza dos conceitos cartográficos, adequação ao nível de ensino e atividades práticas. Por fim, realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores de Geografia, buscando compreender a abordagem cartográfica dos livros e seu uso nas práticas pedagógicas. A análise dos LDs demonstrou que a cartografia é um componente presente nos materiais de geografia analisados, incorporando, mapas, gráficos e outros elementos cartográficos ao longo de seus capítulos. Entretanto, verificou-se que esses recursos nem sempre são explorados de forma articulada aos conteúdos e às atividades propostas, limitando seu potencial para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio geográfico crítico. As entrevistas com os docentes reforçaram essa percepção, destacando a importância da mediação do professor em todo processo. Palavras-chave: cartografia; livro didático; ensino geográfico; aprendizagem
Cartography is crucial for understanding geographic territory, facilitating the interpretation of spatial concepts. In Geography education, it promotes critical analysis of the environment and the development of spatial skills. In the educational context, its integration into textbooks provides a structured basis for students and enables them to develop fundamental spatial interpretation skills. This research focuses on the analysis of cartographic language in textbooks used in basic education in public schools in the urban area of Viçosa, MG, between 2020 and 2024. It investigates how cartographic language is presented in Geography textbooks and how it influences the understanding and learning of cartographic concepts. The research also aimed to understand Geography teachers' perceptions of the use of these materials in the classroom. Methodologically, a qualitative and exploratory approach is adopted, divided into three phases. First, a bibliographic survey was conducted, with analyses of records on the subject, and the construction of a state- of-the-art review. In the second phase, the textbooks were evaluated, taking into account criteria such as clarity in the presentation of cartographic concepts, suitability to the teaching level, and the presence of practical activities that facilitate the learning process. In the final phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with geography teachers from public schools in the urban area of Viçosa, focusing on 8th and 9th grade classes of elementary school, analyzing how the textbooks address cartographic aspects and how teachers use these materials in their pedagogical practices. The analysis of the textbooks demonstrated that cartography is a component present in the geography materials analyzed, incorporating maps, graphs, and other cartographic elements throughout their chapters. However, it was found that these resources are not always explored in a way that is articulated with the content and activities proposed, limiting their potential for the development of critical geographical reasoning. The interviews with the teachers reinforced this perception, highlighting the importance of the teacher's mediation throughout the process. Keywords: cartography ; textbook; geographic teaching; learning
Cartography is crucial for understanding geographic territory, facilitating the interpretation of spatial concepts. In Geography education, it promotes critical analysis of the environment and the development of spatial skills. In the educational context, its integration into textbooks provides a structured basis for students and enables them to develop fundamental spatial interpretation skills. This research focuses on the analysis of cartographic language in textbooks used in basic education in public schools in the urban area of Viçosa, MG, between 2020 and 2024. It investigates how cartographic language is presented in Geography textbooks and how it influences the understanding and learning of cartographic concepts. The research also aimed to understand Geography teachers' perceptions of the use of these materials in the classroom. Methodologically, a qualitative and exploratory approach is adopted, divided into three phases. First, a bibliographic survey was conducted, with analyses of records on the subject, and the construction of a state- of-the-art review. In the second phase, the textbooks were evaluated, taking into account criteria such as clarity in the presentation of cartographic concepts, suitability to the teaching level, and the presence of practical activities that facilitate the learning process. In the final phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with geography teachers from public schools in the urban area of Viçosa, focusing on 8th and 9th grade classes of elementary school, analyzing how the textbooks address cartographic aspects and how teachers use these materials in their pedagogical practices. The analysis of the textbooks demonstrated that cartography is a component present in the geography materials analyzed, incorporating maps, graphs, and other cartographic elements throughout their chapters. However, it was found that these resources are not always explored in a way that is articulated with the content and activities proposed, limiting their potential for the development of critical geographical reasoning. The interviews with the teachers reinforced this perception, highlighting the importance of the teacher's mediation throughout the process. Keywords: cartography ; textbook; geographic teaching; learning
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MARTINS, Geisevânia da Silva. A linguagem cartográfica nos livros didáticos da educação básica em escolas públicas da zona urbana de Viçosa - MG: uma análise entre os anos de 2020 a 2024. 2026. 177 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
