Sementes crioulas cuidadas por agricultores (as) camponeses (as)
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Data
2024-04-30
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Sementes crioulas são cultivadas e conservadas pela agricultura familiar camponesa e pelos povos e comunidades tradicionais de todo o mundo. Elas são importantes para a agroecologia, pois são mais adaptadas aos sistemas agrícolas locais e são portadoras de conhecimentos construídos e passados por gerações. A agroecologia se baseia na diversidade epistemológica existente e valoriza os conhecimentos dos (as) agricultores (as). Orientada pelos princípios da pesquisa participativa, buscou-se construir uma pesquisa contextualizada, com 19 agricultores (as) do município de Rio Pomba - MG. A dissertação foi organizada em três capítulos. O primeiro, denominado “As sementes da agricultura familiar – revisão”, objetivou compreender melhor o objeto de pesquisa (sementes crioulas) a partir da bibliografia. O segundo, denominado “Pesquisas contextualizadas: a importância das redes, dos Intercâmbios Agroecológicos e das vivências” objetivou analisar os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para a realização de uma pesquisa contextualizada com sementes crioulas. O terceiro, denominado, “Planto porque eu gosto: por que a agricultura familiar conserva suas sementes crioulas?” Objetivou identificar percepções, conhecimentos, princípios, lógicas e dinâmicas presentes na agricultura familiar camponesa que promovem resistência ao uso exclusivo das sementes comerciais e fazem com que agricultores (as) continuem cultivando e conservando suas sementes crioulas. No segundo capítulo, dois Intercâmbios Agroecológicos e duas as vivências de dois dias na casa de dois agricultores foram realizadas. Os Intercâmbios Agroecológicos e as vivências, enquanto instrumentos pedagógicos, favoreceram a realização de pesquisas participativas e contextualizadas, pois permitiram entender parte do contexto sociocultural onde as sementes crioulas estavam inseridas e viabilizaram a discussão coletiva sobre a importância da conservação das sementes crioulas. Os Intercâmbios possibilitam a articulação entre o conhecimento científico e o popular, contribui para fortalecer a agroecologia, a agricultura familiar e o manejo da socioagrobiodiversidade. No terceiro capítulo, os Intercâmbios Agroecológicos e a entrevista semiestruturada foram utilizadas. Os dados foram organizados em quatro categorias de análise: diversidade; razões que orientam a conservação, estratégias de conservação e desafios para a conservação. Foram identificadas 148 variedades, de 43 espécies, distribuídas em 19 famílias botânicas. As sementes crioulas são conservadas pela agricultura familiar pois estão inseridas dentro de princípios como a luta por autonomia, a alimentação saudável, o não uso de agrotóxicos, a identidade com a roça, a importância da conservação e por todo valor ancestral. Os principais desafios para a conservação é a desimportância atribuída a essas sementes, o acesso e autonomia sobre a terra, o cultivo para silagem, condições climáticas e circulação das sementes. Palavras-chave: sementes crioulas; agroecologia; agricultura familiar camponesa
Creole seeds are cultivated and preserved by peasant family farmers and traditional peoples and communities around the world. They are important for agroecology, as they are better adapted to local agricultural systems and are carriers of knowledge constructed and passed down through generations. Agroecology is based on existing epistemological diversity and values the knowledge of farmers. Guided by the principles of participatory research, we sought to construct a contextualized study with 19 farmers from the municipality of Rio Pomba - MG. The dissertation was organized into three chapters. The first, called “The seeds of family farming - review”, aimed to better understand the object of research (creole seeds) based on the bibliography. The second, called “Contextualized research: the importance of networks, agroecological exchanges and experiences” aimed to analyze the methodological procedures used to conduct a contextualized study with creole seeds. The third chapter, entitled “I plant because I like it: why do family farmers preserve their native seeds?” aimed to identify perceptions, knowledge, principles, logics and dynamics present in peasant family farming that promote resistance to the exclusive use of commercial seeds and make farmers continue to cultivate and preserve their native seeds. In the second chapter, two Agroecological Exchanges and two two-day experiences in the homes of two farmers were carried out. The Agroecological Exchanges and the experiences, as pedagogical instruments, favored the realization of participatory and contextualized research, as they allowed us to understand part of the sociocultural context in which the native seeds were inserted and facilitated the collective discussion about the importance of conserving native seeds. The Exchanges allow the articulation between scientific and popular knowledge, contributing to strengthening agroecology, family farming and the management of socio-agrobiodiversity. In the third chapter, the Agroecological Exchanges and the semi-structured interview were used. The data were organized into four categories of analysis: diversity; reasons for conservation; conservation strategies; and conservation challenges. A total of 148 varieties of 43 species were identified, distributed across 19 botanical families. Creole seeds are preserved by family farming because they are part of principles such as the fight for autonomy, healthy eating, non-use of pesticides, identity with the countryside, the importance of conservation, and all ancestral values. The main challenges for conservation are the lack of importance attributed to these seeds, access to and autonomy over the land, cultivation for silage, climate conditions, and seed circulation. Keywords: creole seeds; agroecology; peasant family farming
Creole seeds are cultivated and preserved by peasant family farmers and traditional peoples and communities around the world. They are important for agroecology, as they are better adapted to local agricultural systems and are carriers of knowledge constructed and passed down through generations. Agroecology is based on existing epistemological diversity and values the knowledge of farmers. Guided by the principles of participatory research, we sought to construct a contextualized study with 19 farmers from the municipality of Rio Pomba - MG. The dissertation was organized into three chapters. The first, called “The seeds of family farming - review”, aimed to better understand the object of research (creole seeds) based on the bibliography. The second, called “Contextualized research: the importance of networks, agroecological exchanges and experiences” aimed to analyze the methodological procedures used to conduct a contextualized study with creole seeds. The third chapter, entitled “I plant because I like it: why do family farmers preserve their native seeds?” aimed to identify perceptions, knowledge, principles, logics and dynamics present in peasant family farming that promote resistance to the exclusive use of commercial seeds and make farmers continue to cultivate and preserve their native seeds. In the second chapter, two Agroecological Exchanges and two two-day experiences in the homes of two farmers were carried out. The Agroecological Exchanges and the experiences, as pedagogical instruments, favored the realization of participatory and contextualized research, as they allowed us to understand part of the sociocultural context in which the native seeds were inserted and facilitated the collective discussion about the importance of conserving native seeds. The Exchanges allow the articulation between scientific and popular knowledge, contributing to strengthening agroecology, family farming and the management of socio-agrobiodiversity. In the third chapter, the Agroecological Exchanges and the semi-structured interview were used. The data were organized into four categories of analysis: diversity; reasons for conservation; conservation strategies; and conservation challenges. A total of 148 varieties of 43 species were identified, distributed across 19 botanical families. Creole seeds are preserved by family farming because they are part of principles such as the fight for autonomy, healthy eating, non-use of pesticides, identity with the countryside, the importance of conservation, and all ancestral values. The main challenges for conservation are the lack of importance attributed to these seeds, access to and autonomy over the land, cultivation for silage, climate conditions, and seed circulation. Keywords: creole seeds; agroecology; peasant family farming
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Variedades crioulas (Plantas) - Semente, Agroecologia
Citação
SANTOS, Camila Raimunda Carvalho dos. Sementes crioulas cuidadas por agricultores (as) camponeses (as). 2024. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroecologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.