A heterogeneidade estrutural da floresta molda os grupos tróficos da fauna em um remanescente da Mata Atlântica
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A fragmentação do habitat altera a distribuição de recursos e a complexidade estrutural, podendo remodelar as assembleias faunísticas por meio de respostas ecológicas específicas de cada guilda. Foi avaliado como a estrutura da vegetação e a disponibilidade de recursos influenciam a frequência de ocorrência de guildas tróficas em um remanescente de Mata Atlântica inserido em uma paisagem fragmentada no sudeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em 13 unidades amostrais utilizando inventário florestal e LiDAR aerotransportado, combinados com armadilhas fotográficas instaladas durante as estações seca e chuvosa (1.821 dias- câmera). A composição da comunidade de fauna foi avaliada por meio de PERMANOVA e NMDS, e as respostas específicas das guildas foram modeladas utilizando modelos lineares generalizados de Poisson. A composição de espécies da fauna não diferiu significativamente entre as estações, indicando estabilidade temporal no uso do habitat. No entanto, as guildas tróficas apresentaram respostas contrastantes aos gradientes ambientais. Carnívoros e onívoros estiveram associados a áreas estruturalmente mais complexas, com maior altura de dossel e maior distância das bordas, enquanto herbívoros foram mais frequentes próximos às bordas e a recursos hídricos. Granívoros responderam mais fortemente à disponibilidade de recursos zoocóricos do que à densidade da vegetação, destacando o papel da composição florística em relação aos atributos estruturais. Esses resultados indicam que as respostas da fauna em paisagens fragmentadas são mediadas tanto pela estrutura do habitat quanto pela distribuição de recursos, com estratégias ecológicas distintas entre guildas. Assim, a manutenção de paisagens estruturalmente heterogêneas e funcionalmente conectadas é fundamental para sustentar a diversidade da fauna e os processos ecológicos associados em florestas tropicais sob influência antrópica. Palavras-chave: fragmentação; biodiversidade; recursos alimentares
Habitat fragmentation alters resource distribution and structural complexity, potentially reshaping faunal assemblages through guild-specific ecological responses. This study evaluated how vegetation structure and resource availability influence the frequency of occurrence of trophic guilds in an Atlantic Forest remnant embedded in a fragmented landscape in southeastern Brazil. Data were collected in 13 sampling units using forest inventory and airborne LiDAR, combined with camera traps deployed during the dry and rainy seasons (1,821 camera-trap days). Community composition was assessed using PERMANOVA and NMDS, and guild- specific responses were modeled using Poisson generalized linear models. Species composition did not differ significantly between seasons, indicating temporal stability in habitat use. However, trophic guilds exhibited contrasting responses along environmental gradients. Carnivores and omnivores were associated with structurally more complex areas, characterized by greater canopy height and increased distance from forest edges, whereas herbivores were more frequent near edges and water resources. Granivores responded more strongly to the availability of zoochoric resources than to vegetation density, highlighting the role of floristic composition relative to structural attributes. These results indicate that faunal responses in fragmented landscapes are mediated by both habitat structure and resource distribution, with distinct ecological strategies among guilds. Therefore, maintaining structurally heterogeneous and functionally connected landscapes is essential to sustain faunal diversity and associated ecological processes in human-impacted tropical forests. Keywords: fragmentation; biodiversity; food resources
Habitat fragmentation alters resource distribution and structural complexity, potentially reshaping faunal assemblages through guild-specific ecological responses. This study evaluated how vegetation structure and resource availability influence the frequency of occurrence of trophic guilds in an Atlantic Forest remnant embedded in a fragmented landscape in southeastern Brazil. Data were collected in 13 sampling units using forest inventory and airborne LiDAR, combined with camera traps deployed during the dry and rainy seasons (1,821 camera-trap days). Community composition was assessed using PERMANOVA and NMDS, and guild- specific responses were modeled using Poisson generalized linear models. Species composition did not differ significantly between seasons, indicating temporal stability in habitat use. However, trophic guilds exhibited contrasting responses along environmental gradients. Carnivores and omnivores were associated with structurally more complex areas, characterized by greater canopy height and increased distance from forest edges, whereas herbivores were more frequent near edges and water resources. Granivores responded more strongly to the availability of zoochoric resources than to vegetation density, highlighting the role of floristic composition relative to structural attributes. These results indicate that faunal responses in fragmented landscapes are mediated by both habitat structure and resource distribution, with distinct ecological strategies among guilds. Therefore, maintaining structurally heterogeneous and functionally connected landscapes is essential to sustain faunal diversity and associated ecological processes in human-impacted tropical forests. Keywords: fragmentation; biodiversity; food resources
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CAMILO, Kesleyane Pereira. A heterogeneidade estrutural da floresta molda os grupos tróficos da fauna em um remanescente da Mata Atlântica. 2026. 43 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
