(In) segurança alimentar e nutricional e relação com indicadores sociais, econômicos e nutricionais de famílias residentes de zona rural
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Data
2014-02-14
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Objetivou-se neste estudo verificar o comportamento de indicadores socioeconômicos e nutricionais na situação de (in) segurança alimentar e nutricional de famílias residentes de zona rural. A situação de (in) segurança alimentar e nutricional familiar foi avaliada por indicadores socioeconômicos, antropométricos, consumo alimentar e qualidade da dieta, utilizando-se Índice de Alimentação Saudável (IAS), além da percepção de insegurança alimentar pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA). O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com seres humanos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa e ocorreu mediante assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Esclarecido. Das famílias avaliadas (n=79), 49,4% encontravam-se em insegurança alimentar, segundo EBIA. Presença de menor de 18 anos, adolescente, menor renda per capita, tratamento de água para consumo, maior número de moradores e de filhos e recebimento de Bolsa Família relacionaram-se a situação de (in) segurança alimentar (p<0,05). Pontuação da EBIA correlacionou-se positivamente com número de moradores, filhos e de adolescentes e negativamente com renda (p<0,05). O estado nutricional não se associou à situação de (in) segurança alimentar, pela EBIA, embora 84,5% das famílias apresentasse situação insegurança alimentar e nutricional pela presença de pelo menos um morador com distrofia nutricional. Não houve associação entre consumo alimentar da família e insegurança alimentar, embora todas as famílias apresentassem pelo menos um integrante com consumo inadequado de energia e cálcio e a maioria para carboidratos, lipídios, fibra, sódio, zinco ou ferro, sendo considerados em insegurança alimentar e nutricional. Em relação à qualidade da dieta, a pontuação da EBIA correlacionou-se negativamente com pontuação dos componentes fruta total e fruta inteira , carne, ovos e leguminosas e sódio e positivamente com a de cereal total (p<0,05). A pontuação total do IAS nas famílias não diferiu quanto a situação de segurança ou insegurança alimentar. Segurança alimentar e nutricional deve ser avaliada em nível familiar, por diferentes indicadores já que cada um avalia uma vertente desta situação, apresentando, muitas vezes, discordância entre si.
The aim of this study was to verify the behavior of socioeconomic and nutritional indicators in the situation of food and nutrition security of resident households in rural areas. The situation of food security and nutrition to family was assessed by socioeconomic indicators, anthropometric, dietary intake and diet quality, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), beyond the food insecurity perception of the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity (EBIA). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa and occurred upon signing the Informed Consent Form. Of all the families (n = 79), 49,4% were food insecure, according EBIA. Presence of under 18 teen, lowest per capita income, treatment of water, more residents and children and receiving Bolsa Familia related to the situation of food security our food insecurity (p<0.05). The EBIA score was positively correlated with number of residents, children and adolescents, and negatively with income (p<0.05). The nutritional status was not associated to the situation of food security, by EBIA, although 84.5 % of families present food and nutrition insecurity by the presence of at least one resident with nutritional dystrophy. There was no association between dietary intake of family and food insecurity, although all families had at least one member with inadequate intakes of energy and calcium and for most carbohydrates, lipids, fiber, sodium, zinc or iron are considered food and nutrition insecurity. Regarding the quality of the diet, EBIA score was negatively correlated with the total score of the whole components fruit , meat, eggs and legumes and sodium and positively with total cereal (p<0.05). HEI score did not differ in families as the situation of food security or insecurity. Food and nutrition security should be evaluated within the family, by different indicators since each one evaluates one aspect of the situation, presenting often disagreement among themselves.
The aim of this study was to verify the behavior of socioeconomic and nutritional indicators in the situation of food and nutrition security of resident households in rural areas. The situation of food security and nutrition to family was assessed by socioeconomic indicators, anthropometric, dietary intake and diet quality, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), beyond the food insecurity perception of the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity (EBIA). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa and occurred upon signing the Informed Consent Form. Of all the families (n = 79), 49,4% were food insecure, according EBIA. Presence of under 18 teen, lowest per capita income, treatment of water, more residents and children and receiving Bolsa Familia related to the situation of food security our food insecurity (p<0.05). The EBIA score was positively correlated with number of residents, children and adolescents, and negatively with income (p<0.05). The nutritional status was not associated to the situation of food security, by EBIA, although 84.5 % of families present food and nutrition insecurity by the presence of at least one resident with nutritional dystrophy. There was no association between dietary intake of family and food insecurity, although all families had at least one member with inadequate intakes of energy and calcium and for most carbohydrates, lipids, fiber, sodium, zinc or iron are considered food and nutrition insecurity. Regarding the quality of the diet, EBIA score was negatively correlated with the total score of the whole components fruit , meat, eggs and legumes and sodium and positively with total cereal (p<0.05). HEI score did not differ in families as the situation of food security or insecurity. Food and nutrition security should be evaluated within the family, by different indicators since each one evaluates one aspect of the situation, presenting often disagreement among themselves.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Segurança alimentar, Família - Nutrição, Indicadores sociais, Food security, Family - Nutrition, Social indicators
Citação
MORAIS, Dayane de Castro. Food and nutrition insecurity and their relationship to social, economic and nutritional indicators of resident households in rural areas. 2014. 158 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Valor nutricional de alimentos e de dietas; Nutrição nas enfermidades agudas e crônicas não transmis) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2014.