Excitações skyrmiônicas em magnetismo bidimensional
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Skyrmions e bimerons são excitações topológicas não-lineares em sistemas magnéticos bidimensionais. A primeira detecção experimental do skyrmion se deu em 2009 e, desde então, as soluções solitônicas têm sido tópico de intensa pesquisa. Em particular, os skyrmions e bimerons são duas excitações magnéticas de grande relevância teórica e experimental, sendo as principais candidatas como portadoras de informação em novas tecnologias spintrônicas devido ao compartilhamento de características interessantes, como proteção topológica e não- volatilidade. Em particular, os sistemas ferromagnéticos bidimensionais – no limite contínuo – são descritos pelo célebre modelo sigma não-linear, cujas soluções solitônicas topológicas são classificadas dentro de setores de homotopia. Skyrmions e bimerons pertencem a um mesmo setor homotópico e podem, a princípio, ser continuamente deformados um no outro. Um problema de grande relevância atual trata da transformação entre skyrmions e bimerons, que ainda é evasiva. Uma investigação analítica desse tópico pode ajudar na manipulação dessas estruturas de forma controlada em dispositivos. Nesse contexto, a presente dissertação é focada em uma revisão bibliográfica dos principais tópicos relacionados a obtenção e investigação de soluções solitônicas, em particular, aos skyrmions e bimerons, em um sistema ferromagnético bidimensional. Palavras-chave: ferromagnetismo bidimensional; modelo de Heisenberg; sólitons; skyrmions; bimerons.
Skyrmions and bimerons are nonlinear topological excitations in two-dimensional magnetic systems. The first experimental detection of the skyrmion occurred in 2009, and since then, solitonic solutions have been a topic of intense research. In particular, skyrmions and bimerons are two magnetic excitations of great theoretical and experimental relevance, being the main candidates as information carriers in new spintronic technologies due to their interesting shared characteristics, such as topological protection and non-volatility. In particular, two-dimensional ferromagnetic systems – in the continuous limit – are described by the famous nonlinear sigma model, whose topological solitonic solutions are classified within homotopy sectors. Skyrmions and bimerons belong to the same homotopic sector and can, in principle, be continuously deformed into one another. A problem of current relevance concerns the transformation between skyrmions and bimerons, which is still elusive. An analytical investigation of this topic can help in the controlled manipulation of these structures in devices. In this context, the present dissertation focuses on a literature review of the main topics related to the obtention and investigation of solitonic solutions, in particular, skyrmions and bimerons, in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic system. Keywords: two-dimensional ferromagnetism; Heisenberg model; solitons; skyrmions; bimerons
Skyrmions and bimerons are nonlinear topological excitations in two-dimensional magnetic systems. The first experimental detection of the skyrmion occurred in 2009, and since then, solitonic solutions have been a topic of intense research. In particular, skyrmions and bimerons are two magnetic excitations of great theoretical and experimental relevance, being the main candidates as information carriers in new spintronic technologies due to their interesting shared characteristics, such as topological protection and non-volatility. In particular, two-dimensional ferromagnetic systems – in the continuous limit – are described by the famous nonlinear sigma model, whose topological solitonic solutions are classified within homotopy sectors. Skyrmions and bimerons belong to the same homotopic sector and can, in principle, be continuously deformed into one another. A problem of current relevance concerns the transformation between skyrmions and bimerons, which is still elusive. An analytical investigation of this topic can help in the controlled manipulation of these structures in devices. In this context, the present dissertation focuses on a literature review of the main topics related to the obtention and investigation of solitonic solutions, in particular, skyrmions and bimerons, in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic system. Keywords: two-dimensional ferromagnetism; Heisenberg model; solitons; skyrmions; bimerons
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ALVES, Igor Bigonha Ribeiro. Excitações skyrmiônicas em magnetismo bidimensional. 2025. 60 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2025.
