Incentivos à produção de frutas e as mudanças na agricultura da região norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro
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Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
Abstract
A economia agrícola da região Norte Fluminense é, historicamente, dependente da atividade sucroalcooleira. Na tentativa de reduzir tal dependência, vêm sendo adotados incentivos ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na região, particularmente através do “Programa Frutificar”. O presente trabalho visa a avaliar os impactos desse programa, sob a ótica de sua contribuição para elevar a produção de frutas e diversificar a agricultura regional. A análise foi efetuada mediante o emprego do modelo shift-share, de taxas geométricas de crescimento, e do Índice de Diversificação. De mão dessas análises, pode-se concluir que foi constatada a redução da área agrícola da região, particularmente associada à queda nas áreas cultivadas com cana-de- açúcar, arroz, milho e feijão. Por outro lado, no período sob estímulo do “Programa Frutificar”, verificou- se aumento do cultivo das fruteiras: abacaxi, banana e coco-da-baía. Esta constatação é um indicativo da contribuição da fruticultura como fator de diversificação da economia agrícola regional. Cabe ressaltar que a economia da região Norte Fluminense é ainda fortemente dependente do setor sucroalcooleiro.
The agricultural economy of the North region of Rio de Janeiro is historically dependent on sugarcane production. In an attempt to reduce such dependence, incentives for the development of fruit production in the region have been adopted, particularly through the “Frutificar” Program (Bear fruit Program). This research aims to evaluate the impacts of the mentioned program, especially its contribution to increase the fruits production and raise the diversification of regional agriculture. The analysis was performed by using the shift-share model, geometric rates of growth and the Diversification Index. It was observed reduction in agricultural area of region, particularly associated with the fall in areas cultivated the with sugar cane, rice, corn and beans. In the period of the “Frutificar” Program incentives, there were an increase in the production of pineapple, banana and coconut, which contributed to the diversification of the regional agricultural economy. However, this economy still remains heavily dependent on sugarcane.
The agricultural economy of the North region of Rio de Janeiro is historically dependent on sugarcane production. In an attempt to reduce such dependence, incentives for the development of fruit production in the region have been adopted, particularly through the “Frutificar” Program (Bear fruit Program). This research aims to evaluate the impacts of the mentioned program, especially its contribution to increase the fruits production and raise the diversification of regional agriculture. The analysis was performed by using the shift-share model, geometric rates of growth and the Diversification Index. It was observed reduction in agricultural area of region, particularly associated with the fall in areas cultivated the with sugar cane, rice, corn and beans. In the period of the “Frutificar” Program incentives, there were an increase in the production of pineapple, banana and coconut, which contributed to the diversification of the regional agricultural economy. However, this economy still remains heavily dependent on sugarcane.
