Caparaó mineiro: a construção do território em torno do Parque Nacional pela atividade turística no período 2006-2022
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2024-03-01
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Esta tese analisou o planejamento e a gestão do turismo cultural no Circuito do Pico da Bandeira, com foco nos municípios do Caparaó Mineiro, no período de 2006 e 2022. Partiu-se da hipótese de que, apesar da presença de instrumentos legais de gestão, há ineficiências práticas na gestão do turismo cultural na região. A pesquisa, de natureza explicativa e qualitativa, baseou-se na análise de políticas públicas, com foco na legislação e nas dinâmicas do jogo político. Metodologicamente, realizou-se um levantamento da legislação dos municípios do Circuito Turístico do Pico da Bandeira, para verificar a existência de leis voltadas à gestão do turismo cultural, e procedeu-se à análise de conteúdo dessas legislações. Analisou- se a participação dos municípios nas políticas de ICMS Cultural e ICMS Turístico, relevantes para a arrecadação em Minas Gerais, despertando o interesse dos poderes públicos locais em turismo e patrimônio cultural. Posteriormente, entrevistou-se gestores e membros da sociedade civil ligados ao turismo e patrimônio cultural no Caparaó Mineiro. O intuito era avaliar a eficácia da gestão do turismo, garantindo que o turismo cultural atendesse às necessidades das pessoas, não apenas a interesses políticos. Os resultados revelaram três cenários distintos em relação à hipótese inicial: municípios como Alto Jequitibá e Caparaó, apesar de terem estruturas de gestão, demonstraram ineficiências práticas, confirmando a hipótese. Posteriormente, entrevistou-se gestores e membros da sociedade civil do Caparaó Mineiro para avaliar a gestão do turismo, assegurando que o turismo cultural atendesse às necessidades das pessoas, não apenas a interesses políticos. Por fim, em Alto Caparaó, a ausência de uma estrutura de gestão adequada envolvendo a ausência da legislação prejudicou o desenvolvimento turístico cultural, contrariando também parte da hipótese proposta. A maioria das ações que envolvem o turismo, principalmente, nos municípios do Caparaó Mineiro partem de iniciativas da própria população, porém, diversas vezes, são descontinuadas por ausência de incentivo do poder público. Palavras-chave: Turismo. Patrimônio Cultural. Análise de Políticas públicas. Planejamento e gestão. Caparaó Mineiro.
This thesis examined the planning and management of cultural tourism in the Pico da Bandeira Circuit, focusing on the municipalities of Caparaó Mineiro, covering the period from 2006 to 2022. It was hypothesized that, despite the presence of legal management instruments, there are practical inefficiencies in the management of cultural tourism in the region. The research, explanatory and qualitative in nature, was based on the policy analisys, focusing particularly on policies and politics. Methodologically, a documentary survey of the legislation of the municipalities in the Pico da Bandeira Tourist Circuit was carried out to verify the existence of laws aimed at managing cultural tourism, and an analysis of the content of these laws was conducted. The participation of municipalities in Cultural and Tourist ICMS policies, crucial for revenue generation in Minas Gerais, was analyzed, sparking the interest of local public authorities in tourism and cultural heritage. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with managers and members of civil society linked to tourism and cultural heritage in Caparaó Mineiro. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of tourism management, ensuring that cultural tourism met the needs of people, not just political interests. The results revealed three distinct scenarios in relation to the initial hypothesis: cities like Alto Jequitibá and Caparaó, despite having management structures, showed practical inefficiencies, confirming the hypothesis. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with managers and members of civil society in Caparaó Mineiro to assess tourism management, ensuring that cultural tourism met the needs of people, not just political interests. Finally, in Alto Caparaó, the absence of an adequate management structure involving the absence of legislation hindered the development of cultural tourism, also contradicting part of the proposed hypothesis. Most actions involving tourism, especially in the municipalities of Caparaó Mineiro, originate from initiatives by the local population, but are often discontinued due to a lack of public support. Keywords: Tourism. Cultural Heritage. Policy analisys. Planning and management. Caparaó Mineiro.
This thesis examined the planning and management of cultural tourism in the Pico da Bandeira Circuit, focusing on the municipalities of Caparaó Mineiro, covering the period from 2006 to 2022. It was hypothesized that, despite the presence of legal management instruments, there are practical inefficiencies in the management of cultural tourism in the region. The research, explanatory and qualitative in nature, was based on the policy analisys, focusing particularly on policies and politics. Methodologically, a documentary survey of the legislation of the municipalities in the Pico da Bandeira Tourist Circuit was carried out to verify the existence of laws aimed at managing cultural tourism, and an analysis of the content of these laws was conducted. The participation of municipalities in Cultural and Tourist ICMS policies, crucial for revenue generation in Minas Gerais, was analyzed, sparking the interest of local public authorities in tourism and cultural heritage. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with managers and members of civil society linked to tourism and cultural heritage in Caparaó Mineiro. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of tourism management, ensuring that cultural tourism met the needs of people, not just political interests. The results revealed three distinct scenarios in relation to the initial hypothesis: cities like Alto Jequitibá and Caparaó, despite having management structures, showed practical inefficiencies, confirming the hypothesis. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with managers and members of civil society in Caparaó Mineiro to assess tourism management, ensuring that cultural tourism met the needs of people, not just political interests. Finally, in Alto Caparaó, the absence of an adequate management structure involving the absence of legislation hindered the development of cultural tourism, also contradicting part of the proposed hypothesis. Most actions involving tourism, especially in the municipalities of Caparaó Mineiro, originate from initiatives by the local population, but are often discontinued due to a lack of public support. Keywords: Tourism. Cultural Heritage. Policy analisys. Planning and management. Caparaó Mineiro.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Planejamento regional, Turismo cultural, Patrimônio cultural, Políticas públicas - Análise, Turismo cultural - Planejamento, Caparaó, Serra do (MG)
Citação
FRANKLIN, Arthur Zanuti. Caparaó mineiro: a construção do território em torno do Parque Nacional pela atividade turística no período 2006-2022. 2024. 446 f. Tese (Doutorado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
