Segurança alimentar e avaliação nutricional em coelhos suplementados com a microalga Tetradesmus obliquus
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Data
2021-11-11
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Segurança alimentar e avaliação nutricional em coelhos suplementados com a microalga Tetradesmus obliquus. Orientadora: Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra. Coorientadores: Emily Correna Carlo Reis, Eduardo Basilio de Oliveira, Márcio Arêdes Martins e Maurício de Oliveira Leite. Tetradesmus é um gênero de microalgas com potencial biotecnológico devido à elevada taxa de crescimento com produção de biomassa rica em proteínas, carboidratos, lipídios e bioativos. No entanto, sua morfologia, fisiologia e inocuidade precisam ser melhor determinadas para contribuir com pesquisas que possam otimizar o cultivo da espécie, o processamento de biocompostos, e a inserção no mercado consumidor. Assim, este estudo apresenta a composição bioquímica da microalga Tetradesmus obliquus, descreve a sua morfologia, avalia a segurança biológica da sua suplementação dietética in vivo em coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, em crescimento, e a sua atividade hipolipemiante. A suplementação promoveu crescimento, ganho de peso e manutenção tecidual adequadas, o ganho de peso não variou de forma diretamente proporcional ao maior consumo da ração contendo microalga, não propiciou a instalação de processo oxidativo e não causou alterações relevantes no metabolismo desses animais que se mantiveram saudáveis durante todo o experimento. Nenhuma alteração estrutural foi observada no intestino delgado e fígado dos animais. O consumo de T. obliquus exerceu efeito positivo na homeostase lipídica, uma vez que reduziu em 33% os níveis de TAG, 50 % o colesterol total e 63% o LDL. As células de T. obliquus estudadas têm muitos ribossomos livres, retículo endoplasmático rugoso bem desenvolvido e complexo de Golgi, indicando alta síntese proteica, além de vários grânulos de amido e poucos corpos lipídicos, o que sugere fortemente que esta microalga pode ser cultivada para produzir carboidratos. Portanto, T. obliquus é potencialmente segura, sendo uma candidata promissora no auxílio de dietas para controle de peso, além de exercer efeito positivo na homeostase lipídica e no sistema de defesa antioxidante.
Tetradesmus is a genus of microalgae with biotechnological potential due to its high growth rate with production of biomass rich in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and bioactives. However, its morphology, physiology and innocuity need to be better determined to contribute to research that can optimize the cultivation of the species, the processing of biocompounds, and its insertion in the consumer market. Thus, this study presents the biochemical composition of the microalgae Tetradesmus obliquus, describes its morphology, evaluates the biological safety of its dietary supplementation in vivo in growing New Zealand rabbits, and its lipid-lowering activity. Supplementation promoted adequate growth, weight gain and tissue maintenance, weight gain did not vary directly proportionally to the higher consumption of the microalgae-containing feed, did not promote the installation of an oxidative process and did not cause relevant changes in the metabolism of these animals that remained healthy throughout the experiment. No structural changes were observed in the animals' small intestine and liver. The consumption of T. obliquus had a positive effect on lipid homeostasis, as it reduced TAG levels by 33%, total cholesterol by 50%, and LDL cholesterol by 63%. The T. obliquus cells studied have many free ribosomes, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, indicating high protein synthesis, in addition to several starch granules and few lipid bodies, which strongly suggests that this microalgae can be cultivated to produce carbohydrates. Therefore, T. obliquus is potentially safe, being a promising candidate to aid in weight control diets, in addition to exerting a positive effect on lipid homeostasis and on the antioxidant defense system. Keywords: Green algae. Scenedesmus obliquus. Cholesterol. Antioxidant activity.
Tetradesmus is a genus of microalgae with biotechnological potential due to its high growth rate with production of biomass rich in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and bioactives. However, its morphology, physiology and innocuity need to be better determined to contribute to research that can optimize the cultivation of the species, the processing of biocompounds, and its insertion in the consumer market. Thus, this study presents the biochemical composition of the microalgae Tetradesmus obliquus, describes its morphology, evaluates the biological safety of its dietary supplementation in vivo in growing New Zealand rabbits, and its lipid-lowering activity. Supplementation promoted adequate growth, weight gain and tissue maintenance, weight gain did not vary directly proportionally to the higher consumption of the microalgae-containing feed, did not promote the installation of an oxidative process and did not cause relevant changes in the metabolism of these animals that remained healthy throughout the experiment. No structural changes were observed in the animals' small intestine and liver. The consumption of T. obliquus had a positive effect on lipid homeostasis, as it reduced TAG levels by 33%, total cholesterol by 50%, and LDL cholesterol by 63%. The T. obliquus cells studied have many free ribosomes, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, indicating high protein synthesis, in addition to several starch granules and few lipid bodies, which strongly suggests that this microalgae can be cultivated to produce carbohydrates. Therefore, T. obliquus is potentially safe, being a promising candidate to aid in weight control diets, in addition to exerting a positive effect on lipid homeostasis and on the antioxidant defense system. Keywords: Green algae. Scenedesmus obliquus. Cholesterol. Antioxidant activity.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
antioxidante, Alga verde, Scenedesmus obliquus, Colesterol
Citação
CESARIO, Cristiane do Carmo. Segurança alimentar e avaliação nutricional em coelhos suplementados com a microalga Tetradesmus obliquus. 2021. 108 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2021.