Novas aplicações do método de aproximação harmônica auto-consistente
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A concepção de novas possibilidades tecnológicas nos levou à spintrônica, uma proposta que visa à exploração do grau de liberdade de spin para o transporte de informação. Essa ideia fundamenta uma área de pesquisa em constante expansão que visa explorar sistemas e fenômenos relevantes para dispositivos à base de spin. Nesse trabalho, visamos colaborar para a base teórica dessa área utilizando o método da aproximação harmônica auto-consistente (AHAC). A AHAC foi proposta inicialmente como uma abordagem teórica para o estudo de transições de fase em sistemas magnéticos, porém, recentemente, se mostrou um método eficiente para estudos teóricos de spintrônica em materiais ferromagnéticos (FM). Buscando novas aplicações para a AHAC, exploramos principalmente materiais antiferromagnéticos (AFM), cuja alta frequência de excitação de seus spins e sua baixa sensibilidade a perturbações magnéticas externas os tornam de grande interesse para a spintrônica. Com o intuito de aperfeiçoar o método para sistemas quânticos, apresentamos uma construção puramente quântica para a AHAC utilizando o formalismo de integrais de caminho. Em sistemas AFM, utilizamos a AHAC e o formalismo de estados coerentes para analisarmos o fenômeno de ressonância antiferromagnética. Os resultados obtidos também possibilitaram o estudo de correntes de spin em bicamadas com materiais AFM. Exploramos também excitações de ondas de spin nucleares, motivados pela observação recente de correntes de spin nucleares. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a eficiência da AHAC como método teórico para a exploração de sistemas magnéticos e spintrônica. Palavras-chave: coerentes spintrônica; renormalização; antiferromagnetismo; estados.
The conception of new technological possibilities has led us to spintronics, a proposal that aims to exploit the spin degree of freedom as to information transport. This idea establishes a rapidly growing research field focused on exploring relevant systems and phenomena to spin-based devices. In this work, we seek to contribute to the theoretical groundwork of this field by employing the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA). The SCHA was initially proposed as a theoretical approach for studying phase transitions in magnetic systems, however, it has recently proven to be an efficient method for theoretical studies of spintronics in ferromagnetic materials (FM). In search of new applications for the SCHA, we focus to investigate antiferromagnetic materials (AFM), whose high spin excitation frequencies and low sensitivity to external magnetic perturbations make them highly attractive for spintronics. In order to improve the method to quantum systems, we present a fully quantum construction of the SCHA using the path integral formalism. In AFM systems, we employ the SCHA combined with the coherent state formalism to analyze the antiferromagnetic resonance phenomena. The results obtained also enable the study of spin currents in bilayers with AFM materials. We further explore nuclear spin wave excitations, motivated by the recent observation of nuclear spin currents. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SCHA as a theoretical method for investigating magnetic systems and spintronics. Keywords: spintronics; renormalization; antiferromagnetism; coherent states.
The conception of new technological possibilities has led us to spintronics, a proposal that aims to exploit the spin degree of freedom as to information transport. This idea establishes a rapidly growing research field focused on exploring relevant systems and phenomena to spin-based devices. In this work, we seek to contribute to the theoretical groundwork of this field by employing the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA). The SCHA was initially proposed as a theoretical approach for studying phase transitions in magnetic systems, however, it has recently proven to be an efficient method for theoretical studies of spintronics in ferromagnetic materials (FM). In search of new applications for the SCHA, we focus to investigate antiferromagnetic materials (AFM), whose high spin excitation frequencies and low sensitivity to external magnetic perturbations make them highly attractive for spintronics. In order to improve the method to quantum systems, we present a fully quantum construction of the SCHA using the path integral formalism. In AFM systems, we employ the SCHA combined with the coherent state formalism to analyze the antiferromagnetic resonance phenomena. The results obtained also enable the study of spin currents in bilayers with AFM materials. We further explore nuclear spin wave excitations, motivated by the recent observation of nuclear spin currents. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SCHA as a theoretical method for investigating magnetic systems and spintronics. Keywords: spintronics; renormalization; antiferromagnetism; coherent states.
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VILLELA, Gabriel de Carvalho. Novas aplicações do método de aproximação harmônica auto-consistente. 2026. 106 f. Tese (Doutorado em Física Aplicada) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
