Avaliação ambiental na implementação do empreendimento sucroalcooleiro na região de Capixaba, Acre
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Esse estudo foi realizado na região leste do Estado do Acre com a área de influência indireta do empreendimento sucroalcooleiro abrangendo parte dos municípios de Capixaba, Rio Branco, Plácido Del Castro, Senador Guimard e Xapuri. O objetivo foi analisar os efeitos das modificações no uso do solo, com a substituição da pastagem pelo cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, no equilíbrio hidrológico regional. Nas principais classes de solos da área de influência foram abertas trincheiras (perfis) e coletadas amostras de solos dos respectivos horizontes para análises físicas, químicas e mineralógicas. Foram elaborados mapas temáticos de solos, aptidão agrícola e do modelo digital de elevação hidrológicamente consistente das bacias hidrográficas inseridas na área de estudo. O resultado das análises de solo permitiu inferir que para as principais classes de solos (Latossolos e Argissolos) a aptidão agrícola dos solos é favorável ao cultivo da cana-de-açúcar e a substituição do uso atual do solo com pastagens degradadas pelo culitvo da cana-de-açúcar irá conferir melhores condições de infiltração e percolação de água nas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Acre, Abunã, Xipamano e Iquiri, favorecendo o abastecimento do lençol freático e disponibilidade superficial de água.
This study was carried out on eastern Acre where the area under indirect influence of the sucroalcohol enterprise embraces part of the following counties: Capixaba, Rio Branco, Plácido Del Castro, Senator Guimard and Xapuri. The objective was to analyze the effects of the modifications in using the soil, with the replacement of the pasture by sugarcane cropping, upon the regional hydrological balance. In the main soil classes of the influence area, the trenches (profiles) were opened and soil samples of the respective horizons were collected for physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses. The thematic maps of the soils, agricultural aptitude and of the hydrographic basins were elaborated, by using the digital model of hydrologically consistent elevation, inserted in the area under study. According to the results, the following conclusions were drawn: for the main classes of soils (Latosols and Argisols), the agricultural aptitude of the soils is favorable to the cropping of sugarcane; and the substitution of the current use of the soil with pastures degraded by sugarcane cropping will provide better conditions of infiltration and percolation of the water in the soil of the hydrographic basins of the rivers Acre, Abunã, Xipamano and Iquiri, therefore favoring the supply of the water table as well as superficial availability of water.
This study was carried out on eastern Acre where the area under indirect influence of the sucroalcohol enterprise embraces part of the following counties: Capixaba, Rio Branco, Plácido Del Castro, Senator Guimard and Xapuri. The objective was to analyze the effects of the modifications in using the soil, with the replacement of the pasture by sugarcane cropping, upon the regional hydrological balance. In the main soil classes of the influence area, the trenches (profiles) were opened and soil samples of the respective horizons were collected for physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses. The thematic maps of the soils, agricultural aptitude and of the hydrographic basins were elaborated, by using the digital model of hydrologically consistent elevation, inserted in the area under study. According to the results, the following conclusions were drawn: for the main classes of soils (Latosols and Argisols), the agricultural aptitude of the soils is favorable to the cropping of sugarcane; and the substitution of the current use of the soil with pastures degraded by sugarcane cropping will provide better conditions of infiltration and percolation of the water in the soil of the hydrographic basins of the rivers Acre, Abunã, Xipamano and Iquiri, therefore favoring the supply of the water table as well as superficial availability of water.
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GOMES, Marcos Antonio. Environmental evaluation after implementation of the sucroalcohol interprise in the Capixaba area, Acre.. 2010. 144 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2010.
