O papel do Estado no Controle da expansão urbana na Região metropolitana do Vale do Aço (RMVA): contribuição para a gestão compartilhada do território
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Antecipando o Estatuto da Metrópole, a partir 2012, a Agência de Desenvolvimento Metropolitano da Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço atua na regulação urbana de forma interfederativa e compartilhada entre governos estadual e municipais, tratando-a como Função Pública de Interesse Comum. Neste contexto, o planejamento regional, assumido pelo governo estadual, enfrenta o desafio de articular municípios com diferentes capacidades de gestão territorial e com dinâmicas imobiliárias distintas: uma metropolitana e outra tradicional/local. A bibliografia aponta que nas cidades temos observado uma urbanização dispersa e incompleta, associada a novas tipologias de parcelamento do solo e viabilizada pela relação entre atores do mercado imobiliário (onde se inclui o Estado) na consolidação da lógica urbanizou, já é urbano. Neste trabalho, identificamos o papel do Estado no controle da expansão urbana na RMVA, a partir dos dados da agência (2012-2018), articulando legislação com a produção do espaço como variáveis chave para compreensão do problema. A metodologia articula os modelos de expansão urbana delimitados pela legislação em vigor com a atuação dos agentes de produção do espaço, bem como com a caracterização da reconfiguração territorial resultante desta atuação. Como resultado a pesquisa apontou que o Estado tem atuado no sentido contrário ao da mera regularização ex post dos empreendimentos fiscalizados, e em conformidade com os Decreto Estaduais Nº. 44.646/2007, 44.647/2007 e 46.027/2012. Sua atuação busca, antes de solucionar a questão da irregularidade, estancar as atividades clandestinas. Entretanto, mesmo que a ARMVA apresente uma atuação com certa diferença daquilo apontado pela bibliografia, a atuação do Estado (considerando todos seus órgãos e aparatos) não foge à regra. Os municípios do colar metropolitano têm apresentado maior grau de irregularidade em relação aos municípios do núcleo, justamente onde verificamos lacunas na legislação estadual convergindo em limites à autuação da ARMVA e a ausência de instrumentos de planejamento territorial. A pesquisa sinaliza que os principais entraves para um adequado controle da expansão urbana residem nos municípios do colar metropolitano.
Anticipating the Metropolis” Statute, from 2012, the Metropolitan Development Agency of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Aço acts im urban regulation in an Inter-federative and shared way between state and municipal governments, treating it as a Public Service of Common Interest. In this context, regional planning, assumed by the state government, faces the challenge of articulating municipalities with different territorial management capacities and with different real estate dynamics: one metropolitan and the other traditional/local. The bibliography points out that in cities we have observed a sparse and incomplete urbanization, associated with new types of land parceling and made possible by the relationship between actors 1n the real estate market (where the State 1s included) 1n the consolidation of the urbanized logic, 1t 1s already urban. In this work, we identified the role of the State in the control of urban expansion n RMVA, based on data from the agency (2012-2018), articulating legislation with the production of space as key variables for understanding the problem. The methodology articulates the urban expansion models defined by the legislation with the performance of the space production agents, as well as with the characterization of the territorial reconfiguration resulting from this performance. As a result, the research pointed out that the State has acted in the opposite direction [to the ex post] regularization of the inspected enterprises, and m compliance with the State Decrees Nº. 44.646/2007, 44.647/2007 e 46.027/2012. Its action seeks, before solving the irregularity issue, to stop clandestine activities. However, even though ARMVA has a performance with a certain difference from what the bibliography points out, the State's performance (considering all its organs and apparatus) is no exception. The municipalities of the metropolitan arch have shown a greater degree of irregularity 1n relation to the municipalities of the nucleus, exactly where we see gaps mm the state legislation converging im limits to the atuation of ARMVA and the absence of territorial planning instruments. The research indicates that the mam obstacles to an adequate control of urban expansion reside 1n the municipalities of the metropolitan arch.
Anticipating the Metropolis” Statute, from 2012, the Metropolitan Development Agency of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Aço acts im urban regulation in an Inter-federative and shared way between state and municipal governments, treating it as a Public Service of Common Interest. In this context, regional planning, assumed by the state government, faces the challenge of articulating municipalities with different territorial management capacities and with different real estate dynamics: one metropolitan and the other traditional/local. The bibliography points out that in cities we have observed a sparse and incomplete urbanization, associated with new types of land parceling and made possible by the relationship between actors 1n the real estate market (where the State 1s included) 1n the consolidation of the urbanized logic, 1t 1s already urban. In this work, we identified the role of the State in the control of urban expansion n RMVA, based on data from the agency (2012-2018), articulating legislation with the production of space as key variables for understanding the problem. The methodology articulates the urban expansion models defined by the legislation with the performance of the space production agents, as well as with the characterization of the territorial reconfiguration resulting from this performance. As a result, the research pointed out that the State has acted in the opposite direction [to the ex post] regularization of the inspected enterprises, and m compliance with the State Decrees Nº. 44.646/2007, 44.647/2007 e 46.027/2012. Its action seeks, before solving the irregularity issue, to stop clandestine activities. However, even though ARMVA has a performance with a certain difference from what the bibliography points out, the State's performance (considering all its organs and apparatus) is no exception. The municipalities of the metropolitan arch have shown a greater degree of irregularity 1n relation to the municipalities of the nucleus, exactly where we see gaps mm the state legislation converging im limits to the atuation of ARMVA and the absence of territorial planning instruments. The research indicates that the mam obstacles to an adequate control of urban expansion reside 1n the municipalities of the metropolitan arch.
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ALCÂNTARA, Bruno Reis. O papel do Estado no Controle da expansão urbana na Região metropolitana do Vale do Aço (RMVA): contribuição para a gestão compartilhada do território. 2019. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Arquitetura e Urbanismo) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2019.
