Coletivo de mulheres campesinas, produção de extratos vegetais e potencial de uso no milho agroecológico
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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Óleos essenciais (OEs) e hidrolatos (Hs) de plantas possuem potencial de uso no manejo de insetos-pragas e patógenos em sistema agroecológico. Objetivo desse estudo foi reportar a tra- jetória do grupo Anacauíta na extração de OEs e Hs de plantas nativas dos domínios Pampa e Mata Atlântica. As espécies utilizadas foram Baccharis dracunculifolia e Schinus molle para determinação da composição química dos OEs e a ação de seus OEs e Hs no controle dos inse- tos pragas da cultura do milho Spodoptera frugiperda e Sitophilus zeamais. A caracterização do grupo Anacuíta deu-se pela realização de entrevistas com perguntas abertas com cinco integran- tes. Utilizou-se a cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas para a obtenção da composição química. Para a avaliação dos OEs e Hs no manejo dos insetos pragas foram testadas seis concentrações de OEs (1%, 0,5%, 0,25%, 0,125%, 0,0625% e 0,0312%) e cinco Hs (1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) e mais três tratamentos controle: bifentrina (+), somente água e água + emulsificante (-). A avaliação dos efeitos letais da S.frugiperda foi realizada às 48h, e os efei- tos subletais seguiram após com a quantificação do número de indivíduos sobreviventes. Para o S.zeamais, foi realizada a contagem dos insetos e averiguado o peso final da massa dos grãos após 80 dias de armazenamento. No bioensaio de repelência, realizou-se o teste de arena livre, sendo testado 10 e 100% do H e 0,0312% e 1% do OE. Dos resultados obtidos, os produtos do grupo Anacauita apresenta aplicabilidades variadas, desde o uso humano até o uso agrícola e os componentes majoritários corroboram com as potencialidades. Os tratamentos testado não reproduziram efeito letal na S.frugiperda. No S.zeamais, os tratamentos não reduziram o cres- cimento populacional, por outro lado, o OE de B.dracunculifolia foi o que apresentou menor infestação e perda de peso dos grãos. Na repelência, ambos extratos das duas espécies demons- traram potencial. Os estudos devem ser continuados referentes ao potencial dos OEs e Hs na agricultura, pois estes se mostraram eficientes para o S.zeamais. Entretanto, resta avaliar testes de repelência das mariposas e lagartas. Palavras-Chave: Insetos-praga. Grupo Anacauita. Aroeira-salsa. Alecrim do campo.
Essential oils (OEs) and hydrolates (HYs) from plants have potential for use in the management of insect pests and pathogens in an agroecological system. The aim of this study was to report the experience of the Anacauíta group in the extraction of EOs and Hs from plants native to the Pampa and Atlantic forest. The species used were Baccharis dracunculifolia and Schinus molle for determination of the chemical composition of EOs and the action of their EOs and Hs in the control of insects seven pests of maize crop Spodoptera frugiperda and Sitophilus zeamais. the characterization of the Anacuíta group was carried out by conducting interviews with open questions with five members. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to obtain of the chemical composition. For the evaluation of EOs and Hs in the management of insect pests, six concentrations of EOs were tested (1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, 0.0625% and 0.0312%) and five Hs (1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) plus three control treatments: bifenthrin (+), water only and water + emulsifier (-). The evaluation of the lethal effects of S.frugiperda was carried out at 48h, and the effects sublethal tests followed after with the quantification of the number of surviving individuals. For the S.zeamais, the insects were counted and the final weight of the grain mass was verified after 80 days of storage. In the repellency bioassay, the free arena test was performed, being tested 10% and 100% of the H and 0.0312% and 1% of the EO. From the results obtained, the products of the Anacauita group presents varied applicability, from human use to agricultural and the majority components corroborate the potentialities. The treatments tested did not reproduced a lethal effect on S. frugiperda. In S.zeamais, treatments did not reduce growth. population cement, on the other hand, the EO of B.dracunculifolia was the one that presented the lowest infestation and grain weight loss. In repellency, both extracts of the two species demonstrated brought potential. Studies should be continued regarding the potential of EOs and HYs in agriculture, as these proved to be efficient for S.zeamais. However, it remains to evaluate tests repellent of moths and caterpillars. Keywords: Pest insects. Anacauite Group. Aroeira-parsley. Field rosemary.
Essential oils (OEs) and hydrolates (HYs) from plants have potential for use in the management of insect pests and pathogens in an agroecological system. The aim of this study was to report the experience of the Anacauíta group in the extraction of EOs and Hs from plants native to the Pampa and Atlantic forest. The species used were Baccharis dracunculifolia and Schinus molle for determination of the chemical composition of EOs and the action of their EOs and Hs in the control of insects seven pests of maize crop Spodoptera frugiperda and Sitophilus zeamais. the characterization of the Anacuíta group was carried out by conducting interviews with open questions with five members. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to obtain of the chemical composition. For the evaluation of EOs and Hs in the management of insect pests, six concentrations of EOs were tested (1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, 0.0625% and 0.0312%) and five Hs (1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) plus three control treatments: bifenthrin (+), water only and water + emulsifier (-). The evaluation of the lethal effects of S.frugiperda was carried out at 48h, and the effects sublethal tests followed after with the quantification of the number of surviving individuals. For the S.zeamais, the insects were counted and the final weight of the grain mass was verified after 80 days of storage. In the repellency bioassay, the free arena test was performed, being tested 10% and 100% of the H and 0.0312% and 1% of the EO. From the results obtained, the products of the Anacauita group presents varied applicability, from human use to agricultural and the majority components corroborate the potentialities. The treatments tested did not reproduced a lethal effect on S. frugiperda. In S.zeamais, treatments did not reduce growth. population cement, on the other hand, the EO of B.dracunculifolia was the one that presented the lowest infestation and grain weight loss. In repellency, both extracts of the two species demonstrated brought potential. Studies should be continued regarding the potential of EOs and HYs in agriculture, as these proved to be efficient for S.zeamais. However, it remains to evaluate tests repellent of moths and caterpillars. Keywords: Pest insects. Anacauite Group. Aroeira-parsley. Field rosemary.
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RODRIGUES, Josiéle Botelho. Coletivo de mulheres campesinas, produção de extratos vegetais e potencial de uso no milho agroecológico. 2023. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroecologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2023.
