Modelagem cinética da cristalização do monourato de sódio mono-hidratado via equação mestra
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
Gota é uma doença crônica caracterizada como uma artrite inflamatória que de- corre da deposição de cristais de monourato de sódio mono-hidratado (MSUM) no fluido sinovial humano. Os modelos cinéticos que poderiam ser utilizados para des- crever o crescimento de cristais de MSUM são escassos na literatura. A dificuldade encontrada em estudos sobre o crescimento de estruturas moleculares em meios fisio- lógicos depende do nível descritivo do sistema de interesse. Em geral, investigações a respeito da cinética de cristalização requerem abordagens que envolvem equações di- ferenciais temporais, as quais dependem dos mecanismos de crescimento. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal desenvolver um modelo cinético que permi- tisse descrever, ao menos qualitativamente, a cinética de crescimento dos cristais de MSUM levando em consideração a viscosidade do meio. Em primeiro lugar, realizou- se a caracterização do sistema físico para determinar as ordens de grandeza e as escalas de tempo e de comprimento apropriadas para o desenvolvimento do traba- lho. Revisou-se o tratamento já empregado na literatura, o qual é caracterizado por equações diferenciais de ordem q. Foi verificada a discordância da solução adotada nos trabalhos onde q = 2 em relação à reprodução das análises experimentais reali- zadas. Então, buscou-se utilizar as soluções gerais obtidas para estas equações a fim de descrever os poucos dados experimentais encontrados na literatura, tarefa que se revelou elusiva. Por último, foi proposta uma nova modelagem para a cinética de cristalização dos cristais de MSUM fundamentada na equação mestra. Para validar a solução da equação diferencial encontrada para a concentração de monômeros em solução, realizou-se uma comparação com os dados experimentais obtidos em dife- rentes condições. Tal abordagem teórica permitiu uma descrição simples e transpa- rente da cinética de crescimento de cristais de monourato de sódio mono-hidratado, sendo esta capaz de descrever qualitativamente os efeitos relacionados à viscosidade e à concentração inicial de sementes. Palavras-chave: Gota. Cinética de crescimento. Cristalização. Equação mestra. Viscosidade.
Gout is a chronic disease characterized as an inflammatory arthritis resulting from the deposition of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) crystals in the human synovial fluid. The kinetic models that could be used to describe the growth of MSUM crystals are scarce in the literature. The difficulty encountered in studies on the growth of molecular structures in physiological media depends on the descriptive level of the system of interest. In general, investigations crystallization kinetics require approaches involving temporal differential equations, which depend on the growth mechanisms. The main objective of this research was to develop a kinetic model that would allow, at least, a qualitative description of the growth kinetics of MSUM crys- tals, taking into account the viscosity of the medium. First, the physical system was characterized to determine the orders of magnitude and appropriate time and length scales for the development of the work. The treatment already employed in the li- terature, characterized by differential equations of order q, was reviewed concerning the reproduction of experimental analyses, discrepancies were observed in the expres- sion adopted in works where q = 2. Then, attempts were made to use the general expressions obtained for these equations to describe the few experimental data found in the literature, a task that proved to be elusive. Finally, a new modeling approach for the crystallization kinetics of MSUM crystals based on the master equation was proposed. To validate the differential equation found for the concentration of mo- nomers in solution, a comparison was made with experimental data obtained under different conditions. This theoretical approach allowed a simple and transparent des- cription of the growth kinetics of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals, capable of qualitatively describing the effects related to viscosity and initial seed concentration. Keywords: Gout. Growth kinetics. Crystallization. Master equation. Viscosity.
Gout is a chronic disease characterized as an inflammatory arthritis resulting from the deposition of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) crystals in the human synovial fluid. The kinetic models that could be used to describe the growth of MSUM crystals are scarce in the literature. The difficulty encountered in studies on the growth of molecular structures in physiological media depends on the descriptive level of the system of interest. In general, investigations crystallization kinetics require approaches involving temporal differential equations, which depend on the growth mechanisms. The main objective of this research was to develop a kinetic model that would allow, at least, a qualitative description of the growth kinetics of MSUM crys- tals, taking into account the viscosity of the medium. First, the physical system was characterized to determine the orders of magnitude and appropriate time and length scales for the development of the work. The treatment already employed in the li- terature, characterized by differential equations of order q, was reviewed concerning the reproduction of experimental analyses, discrepancies were observed in the expres- sion adopted in works where q = 2. Then, attempts were made to use the general expressions obtained for these equations to describe the few experimental data found in the literature, a task that proved to be elusive. Finally, a new modeling approach for the crystallization kinetics of MSUM crystals based on the master equation was proposed. To validate the differential equation found for the concentration of mo- nomers in solution, a comparison was made with experimental data obtained under different conditions. This theoretical approach allowed a simple and transparent des- cription of the growth kinetics of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals, capable of qualitatively describing the effects related to viscosity and initial seed concentration. Keywords: Gout. Growth kinetics. Crystallization. Master equation. Viscosity.
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SOUSA, Lâna Maria de. Modelagem cinética da cristalização do monourato de sódio mono-hidratado via equação mestra. 2024. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2024.
