Efeito do extrato fenólico de semente de maracujá (Passiflora edulis) na doença hepática gordurosa associada à disfunção metabólica, estresse oxidativo e inflamação em camundongos obesos
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Abstract
A obesidade é uma doença complexa e multifatorial que contribui para o desenvolvimento de graves distúrbios metabólicos, especialmente a doença hepática esteatótica associada à disfunção metabólica (DHEM), que se tornou uma das principais causas de doença hepática crônica em todo o mundo. A progressão da DHEM é caracterizada pelo acúmulo de lipídios no fígado, comprometimento da função hepática, estresse oxidativo e inflamação crônica. As sementes de maracujá (Passiflora edulis) destacam-se como uma excelente fonte de piceatannol, um composto fenólico reconhecido por suas potentes propriedades antioxidantes e anti- inflamatórias. Nesse contexto, este estudo avaliou os efeitos de um extrato fenólico de sementes de maracujá (EFSM) sobre a doença hepática esteatótica associada à disfunção metabólica, estresse oxidativo e inflamação em camundongos alimentados com uma dieta hiperlipídica rica em gordura saturada. Trinta e dois camundongos machos C57BL/6 (31 dias de idade) foram inicialmente distribuídos em dois grupos: dieta padrão (AIN, n = 8) ou dieta hiperlipídica rica em gordura saturada (HF, n = 24), durante oito semanas para indução da obesidade. Posteriormente, o grupo AIN foi mantido e o grupo HF foi dividido em três grupos experimentais (n = 8/grupo): HF, HF com EFSM e HF com piceatannol purificado (PIC) que receberam essas dietas por 8 semanas. O grupo HF+EFSM apresentou redução da ingestão alimentar, peso corporal da adiposidade corporal e do índice hepatossomático em comparação ao grupo HF, e de forma semelhante ao grupo HF+PIC. No fígado, o EFSM atenuou os níveis de malondialdeído (MDA), da proteína carbonilada, do óxido nítrico (NO), reduziu a atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD) e da catalase (CAT) em relação ao grupo HF. A maioria dos marcadores apresentou resultados comparáveis aos do grupo PIC, embora os níveis de MDA, de proteína carbonilada e de glutationa S- transferase (GST) tenham sido maiores no grupo tratado com EFSM. Os camundongos tratados com EFSM apresentaram redução da esteatose hepática e dos focos inflamatórios, de forma semelhante ao grupo PIC e inferior ao grupo HF. Além disso, o EFSM reduziu a expressão gênica hepática de NF-B e SOD em comparação ao grupo HF. Tanto o EFSM quanto o PIC aumentaram a expressão de SREBP-1c e ACC em relação ao grupo HF, e ficaram semelhantes em comparação ao AIN. Em conclusão, os resultados demonstram que o EFSM é uma fonte rica em piceatannol, atenua os danos hepáticos associados à obesidade por meio da modulação de vias celulares relacionadas ao estresse oxidativo, à inflamação e à homeostase metabólica tendo resultados semelhantes ao do PIC, representando uma estratégia dietética promissora para o manejo da DHEM. Palavras-chave: Doença hepática; Piceatannol; Compostos fenólicos; Antioxidantes; Peroxidação lipídica
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease that contributes to the development of severe metabolic disorders, particularly metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which has become one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. The progression of MASLD is characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver, impaired hepatic function, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seeds are an excellent source of piceatannol, a phenolic compound recognized for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this context, this study evaluated the effects of passion fruit seed phenolic extract (PFSE) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet rich in saturated fat. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice (31 days old) were initially allocated to two groups: a standard diet (AIN, n = 8) or a high-fat diet rich in saturated fat (HF, n = 24) for eight weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, the AIN group was maintained, while the HF group was divided into three experimental groups (n = 8/group): HF, HF supplemented with PFSE, and HF supplemented with purified piceatannol (PIC), which received the respective diets for eight weeks. The HF+PFSE group showed reduced food intake, final body weight, body adiposity, and hepatosomatic index compared with the HF group, with results similar to those observed in the HF+PIC group. In the liver, PFSE attenuated malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities compared with the HF group. Most markers showed results comparable to those of the PIC group, although MDA, protein carbonyl, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were higher in the PFSE-treated group. Mice treated with PFSE exhibited reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammatory foci, similarly to the PIC group and to a greater extent than the HF group. In addition, PFSE reduced hepatic NF-B and SOD gene expression compared with the HF group. Both PFSE and PIC increased SREBP-1c and ACC gene expression compared with the HF group, reaching levels similar to those observed in the AIN group. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that PFSE is a rich source of piceatannol and attenuates obesity-associated hepatic damage through the modulation of cellular pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic homeostasis, with effects similar to those of purified PIC. Therefore, PFSE represents a promising dietary strategy for the management of MASLD. Keywords: Liver disease; Passion fruit; Piceatannol; Phenolics compounds; Antioxidants; Lipid peroxidation.
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease that contributes to the development of severe metabolic disorders, particularly metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which has become one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. The progression of MASLD is characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver, impaired hepatic function, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) seeds are an excellent source of piceatannol, a phenolic compound recognized for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this context, this study evaluated the effects of passion fruit seed phenolic extract (PFSE) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet rich in saturated fat. Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice (31 days old) were initially allocated to two groups: a standard diet (AIN, n = 8) or a high-fat diet rich in saturated fat (HF, n = 24) for eight weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, the AIN group was maintained, while the HF group was divided into three experimental groups (n = 8/group): HF, HF supplemented with PFSE, and HF supplemented with purified piceatannol (PIC), which received the respective diets for eight weeks. The HF+PFSE group showed reduced food intake, final body weight, body adiposity, and hepatosomatic index compared with the HF group, with results similar to those observed in the HF+PIC group. In the liver, PFSE attenuated malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities compared with the HF group. Most markers showed results comparable to those of the PIC group, although MDA, protein carbonyl, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were higher in the PFSE-treated group. Mice treated with PFSE exhibited reduced hepatic steatosis and inflammatory foci, similarly to the PIC group and to a greater extent than the HF group. In addition, PFSE reduced hepatic NF-B and SOD gene expression compared with the HF group. Both PFSE and PIC increased SREBP-1c and ACC gene expression compared with the HF group, reaching levels similar to those observed in the AIN group. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that PFSE is a rich source of piceatannol and attenuates obesity-associated hepatic damage through the modulation of cellular pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic homeostasis, with effects similar to those of purified PIC. Therefore, PFSE represents a promising dietary strategy for the management of MASLD. Keywords: Liver disease; Passion fruit; Piceatannol; Phenolics compounds; Antioxidants; Lipid peroxidation.
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PRADO, Pietra Vidal Cardoso do. Efeito do extrato fenólico de semente de maracujá (Passiflora edulis) na doença hepática gordurosa associada à disfunção metabólica, estresse oxidativo e inflamação em camundongos obesos. 2026. 114 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa. 2026.
