Veterinária
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11842
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Item In vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi and after passing through gastrointestinal tract of equine on infective larvae of Strongyloides westeri(Parasitology Research, 2010-04-06) Araujo, Juliana M.; Araújo, Jackson V.; Braga, Fabio R.; Carvalho, Rogério O.Three isolates of predator fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), and Arthrobotrys robusta (I-31) were assessed in in vitro test regarding the capacity of prey infective larvae (L3) Strongyloides westeri. Compared to control, without fungus, there was a significant decrease (P < 0.01) of 80.4%, 67.9%, and 72.8% in means of infective larvae S. westeri recovered from treatments with isolates AC001, NF34, and I-31, respectively. All tested isolates were efficient in the capture of S. westeri (P > 0.01) in vitro test. Linear regression coefficients of treated and control groups were −0.21 for control, −0.32 for D. flagrans, −0.34 for M. thaumasium, and −0.22 for A. robusta. In the following, isolates AC001 and NF34 were assessed in vivo regarding the capacity of supporting the passage through equine gastrointestinal tract without loss of ability of preying infective larvae S. westeri. Fungal isolates survived the passage and were efficient in preying L3 since the first 12 h of collection (P < 0.01) in relation to the control group (without fungus). Compared to control, there was a significant decrease (P < 0.01) of 76.4% and 76.7% (12 h), 86.4% and 85.9% (24 h), 88.3% and 87.7% (48 h), and 89.9% and 87.2% (72 h) in means of infective larvae S. westeri recovered from treatments with isolates AC001 and NF34, respectively. Linear regression coefficients of L3 of recovered S. westeri regarding the collections due to time were 1.93 for control, −3.52 for AC001, and −2.64 for NF34. Fungi D. flagrans and M. thaumasium (NF34) have demonstrated to be promising for use in the biological control of equine parasite S. westeri.Item Biological control of Fasciola hepatica eggs with the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus after passing through the cattle gastrointestinal tract(Parasitology Research, 2011-07-20) Dias, Anderson S.; Araújo, Jackson V.; Braga, Fábio R.; Araujo, Juliana M.; Puppin, André C.; Fernandes, Fernanda M.; Ramos, Rafael F.; Bertonceli, Raul M.; Silva, Renata G. da; Perboni, Wilber R.Fasciolosis is a disease caused by Fasciola hepatica responsible for causing significant losses in livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the Pochonia chlamydosporia fungus (isolate VC1) on F. hepatica eggs after passing through the cattle gastrointestinal tract. For this evaluation, 1 g pellet was given in sodium alginate matrix per kilogram live weight containing 25% of fungal mycelium from isolate VC1 per animal. Twelve animals were used, six treated and six untreated (control). Some stool samples were collected from the groups of treated and control animals, at the times of 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the pellets' administration. Then, from each stool sample of treated and control groups, 2 g was placed in a Petri dish of 9 cm in diameter, containing 2% water–agar and 1,000 eggs of F. hepatica. It was observed that the fungus was effective in preying upon the eggs in the samples recovered at all of the schedules starting at 12 h. Furthermore, differences were observed (p < 0.01) in the destruction of eggs in the Petri dishes in the treated group compared with the control group. The ovicidal effect was observed after 7 days of interaction. The ovicidal P. chlamydosporia fungus was effective in destroying F. hepatica eggs; therefore, it is suggested that this fungus could be employed as agent for the control of helminth eggs.Item Survival of Pochonia chlamydosporia in the gastrointestinal tract of experimentally treated dogs(Research in Veterinary Science, 2011-10-20) Araujo, Juliana M.; Araújo, Jackson V.; Braga, Fabio R.; Araújo, Dayane M.; Ferreira, Sebastião R.; Soares, Filippe E.F.; Benjamin, Laércio dos A.The predatory capacity of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia (isolate VC4) after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs was assessed in vivo against Toxocara canis eggs. Twelve dogs previously wormed were divided into two groups of six animals and caged. The treatments consisted of a fungus-treated group (VC4) and a control group without fungus. Each dog of the fungus-treated group received a single 4 g dose of mycelial mass of P. chlamydosporia (VC4). Fecal samples from animals of both groups (treated and control) were collected at five different times (6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h) after fungal administration, and placed in Petri dishes. Each Petri dish of both groups for each studied time interval received approximately 1000 T. canis eggs. Thirty days after the fecal samples were collected, approximately one hundred eggs were removed from each Petri dish of each studied time interval and evaluated by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microscopy examination of plates inoculated with the fungus showed that the isolate VC4 was able to destroy the T. canis eggs with destruction percentages of 28.6% (6 h), 29.1% (12 h), 32.0% (24 h), 31.7% (36 h), and 37.2% (48 h). These results suggest that P. chlamydosporia can be used as a tool for the biological control of T. canis eggs in feces of contaminated dogs.