Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11833
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Item A promoção da saúde e a prevenção integrada dos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares(Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 2012-01) Ribeiro, Amanda Gomes; Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre; Ribeiro, Sônia Machado RochaAs doenças cardiovasculares são, atualmente, as causas mais comuns de morbimortalidade no mundo. Na perspectiva da prevenção de doenças e agravos, tornam-se fundamentais ações que criem ambientes favoráveis à saúde e favoreçam escolhas saudáveis. Nesse contexto, programas de intervenção de base comunitária têm sido introduzidos em diferentes países, desde o início da década de 70, com o objetivo de modificar fatores de risco cardiovascular e diminuir a morbidade e a mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares. Destaca-se nessas experiências a importância das políticas públicas e dos sistemas de vigilância dos fatores de risco cardiovascular, para conhecer a magnitude do problema e desenvolver ações mais custo-efetivas. Este estudo bibliográfico tem duplo objetivo: descrever experiências de diferentes países no combate às doenças cardiovasculares voltadas à comunidade através da promoção da saúde e da prevenção primária dos fatores de risco; e identificar no Brasil as ações de vigilância dos fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, ressaltando-se os desafios estratégicos impostos ao Programa de Saúde da Família no enfrentamento das doenças cardiovasculares.Item Prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D e fatores associados em mulheres e seus recém-nascidos no período pós-parto(Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2015-07) Prado, Mara Rúbia Maciel Cardoso do; Ribeiro, Sarah Aparecida Vieira; Prado Junior, Pedro Paulo do; Sant'Ana, Luciana Ferreira da Rocha; Priore, Silvia Eloiza; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro; Assis, Karine Franklin; Oliveira, Fabiana de Cássia CarvalhoAvaliar a prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D e os fatores associados em mulheres e recém-nascidos no período pós-parto. Estudo de delineamento transversal; avaliou-se a deficiência/insuficiência de vitamina D em 226 mulheres e seus recém-nascidos no município de Viçosa (MG), entre dezembro de 2011 e novembro de 2012. Coletaram-se 5mL de sangue do cordão umbilical e sangue venoso materno a fim de avaliar os parâmetros bioquímicos: vitamina D, fosfatase alcalina, cálcio, fósforo e paratormônio. Usou-se regressão de Poisson e adotou-se a Razão de Prevalência (95% IC), a fim de se avaliar a deficiência de vitamina D e fatores associados. Fez-se a análise de regressão linear múltipla para identificar os fatores associados à deficiência de 25(OH)D dos recém-nascidos e das mulheres do estudo. O critério para inclusão das variáveis na regressão linear múltipla foi a relação com a variável dependente na análise de regressão linear simples, considerando p<0,20. O nível de significância adotado foi α<5%. Das 226 mulheres, 200 (88,5%) tinham entre 20 e 44 anos; a mediana foi de 28. Encontrou-se prevalência de níveis deficientes/insuficientes de vitamina D em 192 (85%) mulheres e 182 (80,5%) recém-nascidos. A 25(OH)D materna e a fosfatase alcalina materna se comportaram como preditores independentes da deficiência de vitamina D dos recém-nascidos. Foi possível identificar a alta prevalência de deficiência e insuficiência de vitamina D nas mulheres e recém-nascidos em nosso meio e a relação entre o estado nutricional materno de vitamina D e o do recém-nascido.Item Measurements of body fat distribution: assessment of collinearity with body mass, adiposity and height in female adolescents(Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2015-01) Pereira, Patrícia Feliciano; Serrano, Hiara Miguel Stanciola; Carvalho, Gisele Queiroz; Ribeiro, Sônia Machado Rocha; Peluzio, Maria do Carmo Gouveia; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castro; Priore, Silvia EloizaTo verify the correlation between body fat location measurements with the body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%) and height, according to the nutritional status in female adolescents. A controlled cross-sectional study was carried out with 113 adolescents (G1: 38 with normal weight, but with high body fat level, G2: 40 with normal weight and G3: 35 overweight) from public schools in Viçosa-MG, Brazil. The following measures were assessed: weight, height, waist circumference (WC), umbilical circumference (UC), hip circumference (HC), thigh circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR), conicity index (CI), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), coronal diameter (CD), central (CS) and peripheral skinfolds (PS). The BF% was assessed by tetrapolar electric bioimpedance. The increase in central fat, represented by WC, UC, WHtR, SAD, CD and CS, and the increase in peripheral fat indicated by HC and thigh circumference were proportional to the increase in BMI and BF%. WC and especially the UC showed the strongest correlations with adiposity. Weak correlation between WHR, WTR, CI and CS/PS with adiposity were observed. The height showed correlation with almost all the fat location measures, being fair or weak with waist measurements. The results indicate colinearity between body mass and total adiposity with central and peripheral adipose tissue. We recommend the use of UC for assessing nutritional status of adolescents, as it showed the highest capacity to predict adiposity in each group, and also showed fair or weak correlation with height.Item Effect of glycemic index on obesity control(Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2015-06) Pereira, Elisângela Vitoriano; Costa, Jorge de Assis; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia GonçalvesEvaluate the effect of glycemic index (GI) on biochemical parameters, food intake, energy metabolism, anthropometric measures and body composition in overweight subjects. Simple blind study, in which nineteen subjects were randomly assigned to consume in the laboratory two daily low GI (n = 10) or high GI (n = 9) meals, for forty-five consecutive days. Habitual food intake was assessed at baseline. Food intake, anthropometric measures and body composition were assessed at each 15 days. Energy metabolism and biochemical parameters were evaluated at baseline and the end of the study. Low GI meals increased fat oxidation, and reduced waist circumference and HOMA-IR, while high GI meals increased daily dietary fiber and energy intake compared to baseline. There was a higher reduction on waist circumference and body fat, and a higher increase on postprandial fat oxidation in response to the LGI meals than after high GI meals. High GI meals increased fasting respiratory coefficient compared to baseline and low GI meals. The results of the present study showed that the consumption of two daily low GI meals for forty-five consecutive days has a positive effect on obesity control, whereas, the consumption of high GI meals result has the opposite effect.Item Changes in maternal conception about breastfeeding(Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, 2016-10) Oliveira, Maria do Carmo Fontes de; Araújo, Raquel Maria Amaral; Campos, Cássia Olívia Machado; Ribeiro, Andréia Queiróz; Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre; Silva, Aline Elizabeth daTo analyze maternal conceptions about the conditions of stimulating and discouraging breastfeeding before and after the educational intervention. An intervention study type pretest/posttest was conducted for 113 women attended at a public health service. An adapted cross-cultural questionnaire was applied to identify the conceptions of pregnant women about the conditions of stimulating and discouraging breastfeeding. The effect of the intervention was verified by assessing the Decisional Balance scores before and after the intervention. There was a reduction in the overall score of the discouraging conditions and an increase of the overall score of the stimulating conditions (p<0.001). In evaluating each discouraging condition, a significant reduction in the affirmative scores was observed as "breastfeeding makes the breasts saggy" (p=0.003), "I think my breasts are too small to have enough breast milk for my baby" (p=0.001). Regarding to the stimulating conditions, it showed a significant increase in the affirmative score for "breastfeeding is good for me" (p=0.006), "breastfeeding can help me lose weight" (p=0.013), "breastfeeding is easy" (p=0.004).The intervention resulted in changing maternal conceptions of breastfeeding and can be an interesting strategy on promoting breastfeeding in health services.Item Comparação de diferentes critérios de definição para diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica em idosas(Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2010-09) Paula, Hudsara Aparecida de Almeida; Ribeiro, Rita de Cássia Lanes; Rosado, Lina Enriqueta Frandsen Paez de Lima; Pereira, Renan Salazar Ferreira; Franceschini, Sylvia do Carmo Castros critérios para melhor definição da síndrome metabólica (SM), especialmente para a população idosa, ainda são pouco conhecidos, e sua compreensão torna-se cada vez mais necessária. Comparar quatro propostas de definição da SM, duas oficiais (National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III/NCEP-ATPIII e International Diabetes Federation/IDF) e duas candidatas definições propostas (Síndrome Metabólica - National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III - modificada/SM-ATPM e Síndrome Metabólica - International Diabetes Federation - modificada/SM-IDFM), derivadas da modificação de critérios oficiais. Participaram deste estudo 113 mulheres (60-83 anos), submetidas a avaliação antropométrica, de pressão arterial, de perfil lipídico, de glicemia de jejum e de questões relacionadas a hábitos de vida e condições de saúde. Análises estatísticas foram efetuadas por meio dos testes qui-quadrado e de determinação do coeficiente Kappa. A frequência dos altos níveis pressóricos foram similares nas duas definições oficiais (54,8%), com redução nas duas definições propostas (33,6%). A alteração na homeostase de glicose foi maior pela definição IDF e SM-IDFM (30,1%). A hipertrigliceridemia e os baixos níveis de HDL-c foram similares em todas as definições (35,4%). No que se refere à obesidade abdominal, a maior ocorrência foi registrada pelo critério do IDF (88,5%). A presença de síndrome metabólica teve maior e menor frequências de acordo com a proposta do IDF (45,1%) e SM-IDFM (22,1%), respectivamente. Foi encontrada maior concordância entre a definição modificada SM-ATPM com NCEP-ATPIII e SM-IDFM (Kappa: 0,79 e 0,77; p < 0,00001). A proposta SM-ATPM mostrou-se mais adequada para a detecção da SM nas idosas avaliadas.Item Specific boundaries between the causal agents of the soybean stem canker(Tropical Plant Pathology, 2014-07) Oliveira, Luiz Orlando de; Guillin, Eduardo A.; Grijalba, Pablo E.; Gottlieb, Alexandra M.Pathogens within the Diaporthe complex cause seed decay, stem blight and stem canker on soybean, representing a serious threat for this crop species. We herein utilize worldwide sequence data retrieved from Genbank in order to assess the species boundaries between the soybean stem canker causal agents, and define whether or not they should be regarded as members of the same biological species. These studies were complemented with compatibility tests, in order to validate our findings from a biological standpoint. Species delimitation assays supported the occurrence of a speciation event between D. caulivora and D. phaseolourm var. meridionalis. A speciation hypothesis between D. aspalathi and D. phaseolourm var. meridionalis was also supported, based on three reciprocally monophyletic substitutions at locus EF1-α. Compatibility tests further validated species delimitation assays indicating that D. caulivora has developed barriers to gene exchange with D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis. Clarification of the specific boundaries of the SSC pathogens and related entities will be an important asset to future research in soybean pathology, epidemiology and breeding.Item Osteoarthritis in horses - Part 2: a review of the intra-articular use of corticosteroids as a method of treatment(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2016-01) Souza, Maria Verônica deThe problem considered in this review is related to the frequent use of corticosteroids (COs) (i.e. steroids) in the practice of equine medicine and surgery as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of degenerative joint disease, commonly known as osteoarthritis (OA). This disease is one of the most common among the equine musculoskeletal diseases, and is clinically characterized by pain, lameness, joint effusion at the initial stage, which usually reduces with the progression of the disease, and reduced physical performance. Although steroids are considered excellent drugs in the control of clinical signs resulting from osteoarthritis, they also influence cellular activity through activation of various signaling mechanisms. However, they can cause adverse effects when administered intra- articularly, since they are immunosuppressive drugs of many cell types. They are also incriminated as suppressors of the chondrocyte matrix synthetic activities, which may contribute to ‘arthropathy by corticosteroids’, which can also be associated with cumulative injury resulting from improper use (dose and frequency of application) of already damaged joints. The objective of this article is to review information about the advantages and disadvantages of intra- articular COs for treatment of the disease in horses. In addition, some important information of other species is also presented.Item Self-monitoring microbiological criteria for the assessment of hygienic procedures during chicken slaughtering(Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2017-04) Dias, M. R; Dianin, K. C. S; Bersot, L. S; Nero, L. ASelf-monitoring procedures are adopted by food industries to ensure the quality and safety of final products, considering hygiene and processing criteria. This study aimed to evaluate contamination in chicken processing, considering the microbiological criteria proposed by self-monitoring systems. Environmental samples from reception, slaughtering and processing were collected from three chicken slaughterhouses (Sl1, Sl2, Sl3), and subjected to microbiological analysis to enumerate hygiene indicators microorganisms: mesophilic aerobes, enterobacteriaceae, coliforms and Escherichia coli. The obtained counts were converted to log10, compared by ANOVA (p<0.05) and self-monitoring microbiological criteria for each slaughterhouse were considered. In reception, the mean counts of hygiene indicator microorganisms in Sl3 were significantly higher than mean counts observed in Sl1 and Sl2 (p<0.05). During slaughtering, the chilling was enough to decrease the mean counts of all hygiene indicator microorganisms in Sl1, Sl2 and Sl3 (p<0.05). Based on self-monitoring criteria, in the first stages of slaughtering the facilities presented higher frequencies of chicken carcasses with counts above their respective reference values. Sl02 presented carcasses with higher counts after final washing, resulting in environmental samples with higher counts when compared to Sl1 and Sl3 (p<0.05). Even considering the high counts observed in the initial steps of chicken processing and slaughtering, the results indicated the efficacy of hygienic procedures in providing chicken carcasses and cuts with low microbiological contamination. Self-monitoring criteria supported these results, and the high levels of microbial contamination during the initial steps of slaughtering require subsequent antimicrobial hygienic procedures.