Educação Física
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/187
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Hierarchy of interpersonal synergies in basketball: a theoretical and methodological approach(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2022-12-05) Santos, Rodrigo de Miranda Monteiro; Carneiro Júnior, Miguel Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1954292229391406The aim of this study was to discuss and identify, theoretically and methodologically, the hierarchical levels (i.e., dyadic and collective) of defensive interpersonal synergies in basketball. We suggest that the characteristics of a task constrain the formation of synergies from the dyadic to the collective level. Consequently, identifying multi-level interpersonal synergies in team sports demands studying the formation of synergies as a task-dependent phenomenon. Likewise, we recommend that future studies address this issue and take into account the relevance of performance goals in each level (i.e., dyadic and collective) of analysis. The Uncontrolled Manifold (UCM) concept was used to determine the limits of variability of values of task elements that allow to stabilize the performance measure. The task elements were players’ positions captured by the bidimensional (x and y) coordinates. The performance goal selected for identifying the presence of interpersonal synergies in the defensive phase of play at the dyadic level was the interpersonal distance between defenders, which, it is assumed, tends to be stabilized to prevent an opponent to get near the basket. At the collective level, the performance goal selected was the distance between the team centroid – formed by the average positions of all players in the court – and the ball, whose stabilization is likely to ensure cohesion in defense. The measures proposed in the present study were adequate to describe the defensive synergistic behavior of a basketball team in a match of the regular season of the NBA, both at dyadic and collective levels. Dyadic synergies predicated on the stabilization of the interpersonal distance by two defenders were observed during the whole match. Although collective synergies were only observed in 30% of the plays, the frequency of synergies predicated on the distance between the team centroid and the ball might be related with the occurrence of more complex team defensive behaviors. No significant differences were found in the frequency or strength of synergies between two teams during an NBA match. The dyadic synergies that most contributed to the formation of collective synergies (D5 and D6, respectively) was the only aspect that significantly distinguished the defensive behavior of Team A and Team B. Nevertheless, the variables proposed in this study were capable of identifying a fair number of interpersonal synergies at both levels (i.e., dyadic and collective). Even so, further research is needed to investigate other performance variables and their association with defensive performance. Keywords: Basketball. Synergies. Uncontrolled Manifold.Item Padrões de coordenação interpessoal no futebol: análise das relações numéricas relativas em sequências ofensivas finalizadas em gol(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015-06-30) Santos, Rodrigo de Miranda Monteiro; Costa, Israel Teoldo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1954292229391406The aim of this dissertation was to verify how the analysis of interpersonal coordination in soccer might contribute to the identification of emergent patterns of play in goal-scoring possessions in open play. The document comprises three scientific papers. The first paper highlights that the study of interpersonal coordination in soccer has recently become an emergent research topic. Several studies that have investigated the different levels of interactions (dyads, sub-groups and teams), which comprise soccer competition, aimed to comprehend how coordination between players and teams arises as well as to identify the emergent patterns from such interactions. Therefore, this leading article aimed: (i) to provide a brief description of the background regarding the main concepts within the topic of coordination; (ii) to highlight the most relevant studies and findings regarding the study of interpersonal coordination in soccer and (iii) to discuss the implications of these studies and findings for representative task design. It is reasonable to suggest that the design of representative tasks in training and testing should rely upon the performances and behaviours observed in actual match contexts. The purpose of the second paper is to present a novel computational tool to analyze inter-team coordination patterns in soccer from video footage. The paper describes the design of low-cost and straightforward manual tracking procedures in comparison with some expensive and highly complex automatic tracking systems currently available. High reliability values suggest that this tool can be employed in a great variety of contexts in soccer and other team sports. The third paper aimed to examine the emergent inter-team coordination tendencies from goal-scoring possessions in open play of the 2014 FIFA ® World Cup winner team, through the analysis of teams' numerical relations within the effective play-space (EP-S). We assume that Germany generate more numerical uncertainty in sub-areas of play closer to opponents' goal in goal- scoring possessions. We analysed 6457 frames from 11 video sequences of goal- scoring possessions in open play during that tournament. Teams' numerical relations within sub-areas of play were examined in each offensive sequence through Shannon's entropy, H. The uncertainty of numerical relationships between the teams across sub-areas was also calculated. Entropy measures indicated that the uncertainty of teams' numerical relations was higher within the German Central Offensive (opponents' Central Defensive) sub-area (1.86 bits) in comparison with the remaining sub-areas of play. These results confirm our initial hypothesis, displaying that, in goal-scoring possessions, the German team generates more numerical uncertainty in critical offensive sub-areas of play. Future research should verify whether such pattern is a predominant feature in successful teams.