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URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11845
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Item Antioxidant system response induced by aluminum in two rice cultivars(Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2012-04) Ribeiro, Cleberson; Cambraia, José; Fonseca Júnior, Élcio Meira da; Peixoto, Paulo Henrique PereiraThe antioxidant defense system response was evaluated in two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.), Fernandes (CNA-1158) and Maravilha (CNA-6843-1), treated with toxic levels of aluminum. After exposure to aluminum we determined plant growth, H2O2 and O2•- contents, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes activities and ascorbate and dehydroascorbate contents. Al predominantly accumulated in roots of both cultivars but it reduced root and shoot growth only in the Maravilha cultivar. Treatment with aluminum resulted in a reduction of 84 and 60% in the levels of H2O2 in the roots of the cultivars Maravilha and Fernandes, respectively, and of 26% in the levels of O2•- only in the roots of Fernandes cultivar. Increased lipid peroxidation was observed only in the roots of the Maravilha cultivar. In general, the antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in roots and increased in the presence of aluminum, especially in the Fernandes cultivar. The levels of ascorbate were higher in leaves and increased with aluminum treatment, while dehydroascorbate decreased in roots of both cultivars after aluminum treatment. However, the ascorbate/dehydroascorbate ratio increased in the roots of both cultivars after treatment with aluminum. Ascorbate, dehydroascorbate and ascorbate/dehydroascorbate levels found here point to an efficient regeneration of ascorbate, essential for the homeostasis of cellular metabolites involved in reactive oxygen species removal by rice plants treated with aluminum. Therefore, the higher tolerance of Fernandes to aluminum relative to Maravilha cultivar may be the result of better growth of the root system and shoots, higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a best use/regeneration of ascorbate.Item Prevalência de conjuntivite adenoviral em clínica oftalmológica no município de Viçosa (MG)(Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia, 2015-07) Rosado-Filho, Euldes Nei; Cardoso, Silvia Almeida; Marçal, Lorena Nacif; Santos, Eliziária Cardoso dos; Silva, Eduardo de Almeida Marques da; Paula, Sérgio Oliveira de; Oliveira, Leandro Licursi deAvaliar a prevalência de Adenovírus como agente etiológico da conjuntivite, em clínica médica oftalmológica especializada, em Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Amostras da secreção conjuntival de 91 pacientes clinicamente diagnosticados com conjuntivite foram submetidos à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), utilizando primers degenerados para a região codificadora do gene da proteína estrutural II. Posteriormente as amostras positivas foram submetidas a sequenciamento e genotipagem. A análise dos resultados de PCR revelou prevalência de 36,3% de Adenovírus. Não havendo distinção entre os sexos e com maior prevalência na faixa etária de 26 a 65 anos com 60,60% dos casos positivos. O sequenciamento dos casos positivos por Adenovírus revelaram a presença dos sorotipos 3, 4, 7, 8 e 34 circulante na região. No município de Viçosa, dois em cada cinco casos de conjuntivite são de etiologia adenoviral.Item Live-trapping Ocelots (Leopardus pardalis): traps, baits, injuries, immobilization and costs(Biota Neotropica, 2017) Perilli, Miriam Lúcia Lages; Matushima, Eliana Reiko; Widmer, Cynthia Elisa; Azevedo, Fernando Cesar CascelliThe capture of wild animals can provide important information on community structure, population dynamics, home range size, activity patterns, habitat use, denning, social behavior and health status. The objective of this study was to describe the method of capture with details on baits, injuries, non-target captures, anesthesia and costs, to evaluate its success as part of a health evaluation program of ocelots in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest Reserve. From a total of 1,011 trap-night effort in 86 days, we had 68 capture events composed of ocelots (22%, n=15) and non-target species (78%, n = 53). We captured 10 individual ocelots in 15 capture events, corresponding to 5.7 days to capture one ocelot. Capture efficiency was 14.8 ocelots/1,000 trap-nights effort. We suggest capture methods should be selected and implemented based on the following criteria: (i) high capture efficiency; (ii) high selectivity; (iii) low injury rate; (iv) high immobilization suitability; and (v) low costs, in order to enable comparisons of studies from different research groups and from different study areas, allowing a deliberate choice of the best method.Item Valuation of methodologies for mapping oligogenic trait loci in Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs)(Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 2014-01) Peixoto, Leonardo de Azevedo; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Silva, Marcia Flores ferreira da; Ferreira, AdésioThe present work aimed to compare the efficiencies of the Oligogenic Trait Mapping Method (OTMM) and Interval Method (IM) for detecting oligogenic trait loci (OTL) in Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) populations of different sizes. Populations consisting of 200, 500 and 1,000 individuals were employed and 100 repetitions performed for each population size. Four characteristics were evaluated: C1, determined by two genes with 50 and 30% effects on expression of the characteristic; C2, governed by three genes with 50, 20 and 10% effects; C3, regulated by two genes, each with 40% effect; and C4, controlled by two genes, each with 50% effect. The IM was efficient at detecting OTL in all evaluated characteristics; however, for characteristics determined by two genes with effects between 40 and 50%, the OTMM was more efficient at detecting and localizing OTL in simulated marks. In contrast, the IM method was more efficient at detecting and localizing OTL in simulated marks when the gene effect ranged from 10 to 30%. As a result, because oligogenic characteristics are governed by genes with greater effects, the OTMM was considered the most efficient method to be used for this type of characteristic.Item Testicular morphology of adult wistar rats treated with Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. leaf infusion(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2012-01) Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto da; Monteiro, Juliana Castro; Predes, Fabrícia Souza; Paula, Tarcízio Antônio Rego deThe present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Rudgea viburnoides infusion on the body biometry and testicular morphometry and stereology of adult Wistar rats. Two groups received the infusion daily at the concentration of 3 or 6 mg/mL for 40 days. The control group received only water. Neither the biometrical parameters nor the tubular diameter and the height of the seminiferous epithelium showed any significant alterations in the treated animals. Leydig cells stereology did not show any significant alterations in the treated animals. These results indicated that R. viburnoides did not cause alterations in body biometry and testicular morphometry.Item Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water: the role of antioxidant metabolism of Azolla caroliniana Willd. (Salviniales)(Acta Botanica Brasilica, 2017-04) Oliveira, Juraci Alves de; Felipe, Rafaella Teles Arantes; Leão, Gabriela Alves; Farnese, Fernanda SantosPhytoremediation has proven to be an efficient technology for removing arsenic (As) from water, but the plants used in this process need to be tolerant to the damage caused by As. The toxic effect of As on growth and functioning of the antioxidant system was studied in individual plants of Azolla caroliniana exposed to five concentrations of As (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1) for the course of five days. Growth, As absorption, enzymatic activity, total and non-protein thiols and anthocyanin content were assessed. Azolla caroliniana was able to take up large amounts of the pollutant, reaching As concentrations of 386.1 µg g-1 dry weight without saturating the absorption mechanism. The tolerance index and the growth of A. caroliniana decreased with the increased As uptake. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalases and glutathione reductase activities increased at lower doses of As and subsequently declined with higher concentrations, whereas ascorbate peroxidase activity was reduced in all treatments. Unlike the enzymatic defence system, anthocyanin and thiol content increased consistently in all treatments and showed a positive correlation with As concentration. Therefore, the increased synthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants is most likely the main factor responsible for the high As tolerance of A. caroliniana.Item Using palynological evidence from royal jelly to mediate the spread of Paenibacillus larvae in Brazil(Hoehnea, 2018-07) Guimarães-Cestaro, Lubiane; Luz, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da; Serrão, José Eduardo; Message, Dejair; Martins, Marta Fonseca; Alves, Maria Luisa Teles Marques Florêncio; Seijo-Coello, María Carmen; Teixeira, Érica WeinsteinRoyal jelly may contain pollen grains and their presence can be used to determine the phytogeographical origin of the product. This study analyzed the phytogeographical origin of commercial royal jelly samples from São Paulo State, tested as part of the Brazilian Federal Inspection System (SIF), found to be contaminated with spores of the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, that causes the American Foulbrood Disease. The pollen grains of Castanea had the highest total percentage, with lower percentages of Cirsium/Carduus, Cistus, Parthenocissus, Prunus, Quercus, Robinia, Scrophulariaceae, Taraxacum, Tilia, among others. This pollen spectrum is incompatible with royal jelly samples produced in Brazil. The pollen spectrum resembled that of an imported product, compatible with the Northern Hemisphere origin. Brazilian legislation does not require the phytogeographic origin of imported bee products to be analyzed by palynological procedures, but it is mandatory to have a certificate issued by the country of origin attesting the absence of pathogens, monitored with the objective of preventing the exotic diseases from entering Brazil. Palynology, therefore, proved to be fundamental in detecting imports of this contaminated batches.Item Spores of Paenibacillus larvae, Ascosphaera apis, Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis in bee products supervised by the Brazilian Federal Inspection Service(Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2018-07) Guimarães-Cestaro, Lubiane; Teixeira, Érica Weinstein; Alves, Maria Luisa Teles Marques Florêncio; Message, Dejair; Martins, Marta Fonseca; Luz, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da; Serrão, José EduardoDue to their ecological and economic importance, honey bees have attracted much scientific attention, which has intensified due to the recent population decline of these insects in the several parts of the world. Among the factors related to these patterns, infection by pathogens are the most relevant, mainly because of the easy dissemination of these microorganisms. Although no zoonotic diseases are associated with these insects, the presence of infectious agents in bee products should still be considered because they play a role as disease dispersers, increasing the risk to animal health. Because of the possibility of dispersion of pathogens via bee products, this work aimed to identify the presence of spores of the pathogens Paenibacillus larvae, Ascosphaera apis and Nosema spp. in samples of honey, pollen and royal jelly that are registered with Brazil's Federal Inspection Service (S.I.F.) and commercially available in the state of São Paulo. Of the 41 samples of bee products analyzed, only one showed no contamination by any of these pathogens. N. ceranae and P. larvae had the highest prevalence considering all the samples analyzed (present in 87.80% and 85.37% of the total, respectively), with N. apis present in 26.83% and A. apis present in 73.17% of the samples. These results provide support for the formulation of government regulations for sanitary control of exotic diseases by preventing dispersion of pathogens, including through illegal importation, since local and international trade and the transfer of colonies between regions play important roles in the dispersion of these microorganisms.Item Detection of QTL associated with rust resistance using IBD-based methdologies in exogamic Eucalyptus spp. populations(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2010-12) Rosado, Tatiana Barbosa; Tomaz, Rafael Simões; Ribeiro Junior, Marcio Fernandes; Guimarães, Lúcio Mauro da Silva; Araújo, Elza Fernandes de; Alfenas, Acelino Couto; Cruz, Cosme Damião; Rosado, Antônio MarcosIn Brazil the rust caused by Puccinia psidii Winter stands out as the most important disease of eucalyptus. The use of resistant genotypes is the main control method, which makes the detection of markers linked to rust resistance essential to the selection of resistant genotypes. In this study, an F1 progeny of 131 plants from interspecific crossings of Eucalyptus was used to identify markers linked to resistance genes for this pathogen. An integrated map was constructed for linkage group three based on microsatellite markers. For QTL mapping two methodologies based on alleles identical-by-descent (IBD) were used: single marker analysis of Haseman and Elston and the interval mapping procedure of Fulker and Cardon. Both methods showed significant association for the Embra 125 marker.The QTL that explained 42 % of the phenotypic variation was mapped to 0.02 cM of this marker by the Fulker and Cardon. Marker Embra 125 has potential use in assisted selection, thus increasing the efficiency of the selection of resistant genotypes.Item Karyotypic description of the stingless bee Oxytrigona cf. flaveola (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponina) of a colony from Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State, Brazil(Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2010) Pompolo, Silvia das Graças; Rocha, Marla Piumbini; Fernandes, Anderson; Krinski, DionesThe aim was to broaden knowledge on the cytogenetics of the subtribe Meliponina, by furnishing cytogenetic data as a contribution to the characterization of bees from the genus Oxytrigona. Individuals of the species Oxytrigona cf. flaveola, members of a colony from Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, were studied. The chromosome number was 2n = 34, distributed among four chromosomal morphologies, with the karyotype formula 8m+8sm+16st+2t. Size heteromorphism in the first metacentric pair, subsequently confirmed by sequential staining with fluorochrome (DA/DAPI/CMA3), was apparent in all the examined individuals The nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) are possibly located in this metacentric chromosome pair. These data will contribute towards a better understanding of the genus Oxytrigona. Given that species in this group are threatened, the importance of their preservation and conservation can be shown in a sensible, concise fashion through studies such as this.