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URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11851

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Addition of pooled pumpkin seed to mixed meals reduced postprandial glycemia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
(Nutrition Research, 2018-08) Cândido, Flávia G.; Lima, Mário Flávio C.; Silva, Letícia L. da; Martino, Hércia S.D.; Santos, Marcelo H. dos; Oliveira, Fernanda C.E. de; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.; Pinto, Carina A.
We investigated if pumpkin and flaxseeds could improve postprandial glycemic, food intake, and appetitive responses. Herein, we hypothesize based on the literature that pumpkin seed has potential to lower postprandial glycemic effects. Therefore, we conducted a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design study involving normoglycemic adults (food intake: n = 25; glycemia: n = 15). Three high-carbohydrate mixed meals presenting no seed (control [C]) or 65 g of the tested seeds (pumpkin seed [P] or flaxseed [F]) were consumed in 3 nonconsecutive days. Test meals had similar nutritional composition. Blood glucose was measured by capillary finger blood at 0 (immediately before), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the ingestion of each meal, and the incremental area under glycemic response curves (iAUC) were calculated. Appetitive responses were assessed, and dietary records were used to evaluate food intake on testing days. Glucose iAUC was significantly lower in P compared with C (reduction of ~35%, P = .025). There was no significant differences in glucose iAUC between F and C (P = .257). Glycemic response at each time point did not differ between C, P, and F (Pgroup × time = .238). Fiber consumption was higher in F (P = .009) than in C, but there were no differences in appetitive responses, energy, or macronutrient consumptions between dietary interventions. Acute consumption of 65 g of pumpkin seed markedly reduced postprandial glycemia. Pumpkin seed has potential as a hypoglycemic food, which now deserves to be confirmed in long-term studies.
Análise crítica do uso dos índices do Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) na avaliação da resistência à insulina e capacidade funcional das células-b pancreáticas
(Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2007-08-31) Vasques, Ana Carolina J.; Rosado, Lina Enriqueta F. P. L.; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.; Geloneze, Bruno
A disfunção das células-b e a resistência insulínica são anormalidades metabólicas inter-relacionadas na etiologia do diabetes tipo 2. Em diversos países, tem sido observado o aumento da prevalência de obesidade e diabetes em associação com a presença da resistência insulínica. Nesse contexto, é útil a mensuração da resistência insulínica e da capacidade funcional das células-b nos indivíduos. Os índices Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) têm sido amplamente utilizados, representando uma das alternativas para avaliação desses parâmetros, principalmente por figurarem um método rápido, de fácil aplicação e de menor custo. Esta revisão discute sobre a origem e a evolução dos índices HOMA, bem como as particularidades do método, abordando aspectos relacionados à sua validação e aos pontos de corte existentes para sua interpretação.
Benefits and relationship of steps walked per day to cardiometabolic risk factor in Brazilian middle-aged men
(Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2014-05) Cocate, Paula G.; Oliveira, Alessandro de; Hermsdorff, Helen H. M.; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.; Amorim, Paulo Roberto S.; Longo, Giana Z.; Peluzio, Maria do Carmo G.; Faria, Fernanda R.; Natali, Antônio José
We evaluated the benefits and relationship of the number of steps per day to the cardiometabolic risk factors: adiposity indicators; insulin resistance; and metabolic syndrome(MetS) in apparently healthy Brazilian middle-aged men. Design Cross-sectional. Apparently healthy men (age: 50 ± 5 years; n = 299) were studied. The number of steps per day was measured by pedometer. The adiposity indicators (waist circumference, total body fat, android and gynoid body fat), serum insulin, glucose and triglycerides, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and MetS were assessed. Subjects were placed in groups to reflect different levels of steps per day (average of 7 consecutive days): Group 1 < 10,000 and Group 2 ≥ 10,000. Relationships among variables were measured by multiple linear regressions and the Spearman correlation coefficient as appropriate (p < 0.05). The cardiometabolic risk factors were lower (p < 0.05) in Group 2 than in Group 1. The number of steps per day was a negative predictive factor for total body fat, android and gynoid body fat and HOMA-IR independent of age, working position, android fat, overweight/obesity prevalence, and triglycerides/HDL-c ratio. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the number of steps and total body fat, android and gynoid body fat, HOMA-IR and MetS. Brazilian middle-aged men performing more than 10,000 steps per day have better cardiometabolic conditions than those walking fewer than 10,000 steps. The number of steps per day is inversely related to the indicators of total and regional adiposity, insulin resistance and MetS.
Consumption of yacon flour improves body composition and intestinal function in overweight adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
(Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 2019-02) Machado, Adriane M.; Silva, Nayara B.M. da; Chaves, José Benício P.; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.
Yacon root is a natural source of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and it has been studied for its potential effect as a functional food. However, FOS in the in naturaroot are rapidly hydrolyzed. Thus, the use of dehydrated products such as flour ensures stability of FOS. The effect of chronic consumption of yacon flour on body composition, food intake and of biochemical variables concentration has not yet been evaluated in humans. Thus, we evaluated the effects of yacon flour consumption on these variables associated with excess body weight. Twenty-six adults (31.3 ± 8.5 years) with excess weight (30.4 ± 2.4 kg/m2, 40.16 ± 6.7% body fat) participated in this randomized, double-blind, six-week study. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of the experimental groups (control (n = 13) or yacon flour (n = 13)), received the prescription of energy-restricted diets (- 500 kcal/day) and daily consumed a breakfast drink not containing or containing 25 g of yacon flour (0.1 g of FOS/kg body weight). At the beginning and at the end of the study, biochemical analyses (glycemia, insulinemia, lipid profile and liver function markers), anthropometrics (weight, waist, hip and neck circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter), body composition (lean mass, total body fat, trunk fat, android fat and gynoid fat), blood pressure, intestinal function, and food intake were assessed. Daily yacon flour consumption was well tolerated, did not cause adverse gastrointestinal effects, increased dietary fiber consumption, promoted greater body weight, waist circumference, waist to height index, sagittal abdominal diameter, and body fat reduction, besides improving bowel function in comparison to the control group. Yacon flour served as a natural fiber supplement and proved to be an effective adjuvant to be used in nutritional strategies to control excess body weight.
Does breastfeeding influence the risk of developing diabetes mellitus in children? A review of current evidence
(Jornal de Pediatria, 2013-02-26) Pereira, Patrícia F.; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.; Araújo, Raquel Maria A.
The aim of this study was to perform a review to investigate the influence of breastfeeding as a protective agent against the onset of diabetes in children. Non-systematic review of SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, Scopus, and VHL databases, and selection of the 52 most relevant studies. A total of 21 articles, specifically on the topic, were analyzed (nine related to type 1 diabetes and 12 to type 2 diabetes). The duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding, as well as the early use of cow’s milk, have been shown to be important risk factors for developing diabetes. It is believed that human milk contains substances that promote the maturation of the immune system, which protect against the onset of type 1 diabetes. Moreover, human milk has bioactive substances that promote satiety and energy balance, preventing excess weight gain during childhood, thus protecting against the development of type 2 diabetes. Although the above mentioned benefits have not been observed by some researchers, inaccuracies on dietary habit reports during childhood and the presence of interfering factors have been considered responsible for the lack of identification of beneficial effects. Given the scientific evidence indicated in most published studies, it is believed that the lack of breastfeeding can be a modifiable risk factor for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Strategies aiming at the promotion and support of breastfeeding should be used by trained healthcare professionals in order to prevent the onset of diabetes.
Efeitos do índice glicêmico no balanço energético
(Efeitos do índice glicêmico no balanço energético, 2006-12-17) Guttierres, Ana P.M.; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia G.
A prevalência da obesidade vem crescendo nas últimas décadas. Associado a este fato, tem-se observado uma mudança no padrão dietético da população em geral, no que diz respeito a um maior consumo de carboidratos. Segundo alguns autores, o índice glicêmico (IG) dos alimentos afeta a composição e o peso corporal. A presente revisão de literatura teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do IG sobre apetite, saciedade e composição corporal. A partir das evidências científicas analisadas, foi possível constatar que a maioria dos estudos que atribuem efeitos positivos ao IG é cercada de limitações metodológicas. Estudos bem delineados não observaram benefícios do IG sobre os parâmetros citados acima. Diante disso, conclui-se que o IG apresenta pouca aplicabilidade na prática clínica, como uma ferramenta capaz de controlar a saciedade, reduzir o apetite e, conseqüentemente, a prevalência de obesidade.