Navegando por Autor "Zanuncio, José C."

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Antrocephalus mitys (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in laboratory cultures of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and possible role in biological control of Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
(Florida Entomologist, 2013) Pikart, Tiago G.; Pereira, Alexandre I. A.; Ramalho, Francisco S.; Manickavasagam, Sagadai; Serrão, José E.; Zanuncio, José C.
Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a cosmopolitan pest of stored products. It was found abundantly in a yellow mealworm mass rearing facility in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil feeding on wheat flour and associated with a chalcid parasitoid. This wasp was identified as Antrocephalus mitys (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), a pupal parasitoid of moth stored products pests. In the laboratory, E. cautella pupae were successfully parasitized by A. mitys and fertile offspring were obtained. The presence of A. mitys in the mealworm colony suggests that this chalcid is adapted to artificial environments and has the potential to be deployed as a biological control agent in postharvest stored product facilities.
Atrazine and nicosulfuron affect the reproductive fitness of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2018-10) Serrão, Jose Eduardo; Reis, Tatiane C.; Soares, Marcus A.; Santos, José B. dos; Santos, Conceição A. dos; Zanuncio, José C.; Ferreira, Evander A.
Herbicides can impact non-target metabolic pathways in natural enemies and lead to the reduction of these populations in the field. Behavioral characteristics, morphology and histology of reproductive structures and reproduction of females of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were evaluated under the effect of the herbicides atrazine, nicosulfuron and the mixture of both. The number of mature oocytes per ovary was lower in females exposed to the herbicides atrazine, nicosulfuron and the mixture of both. Herbicides did not affect the longevity and mortality of P. nigrispinus, therefore, they are selective for this predator. On the other hand, herbicides can cause sublethal effects by affecting the reproduction of predators.
Bioactivity of six plant extracts on adults of Demotispa neivai (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
(Journal of Insect Science, 2015-03-02) Martínez, Luis C.; Plata-Rueda, Angelica; Zanuncio, José C.; Serrão, José E.
Demotispa neivai Bondar (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) damage oil palm fruits, which makes it necessary to develop products to control this insect. The mortality, repellency, and antifeeding effects on adults of D. neivai of six plant extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Sapindales: Meliaceae), Ricinus communis (L.) (Malpighiaes: Euphorbiaceae), Citrus sinensis Oesbek (Sapindales: Rutaceae), Nicotiana tabacum (L.) (Slanales: Solanaceae), Capsicum annuum (L.) (Solanales: Solanaceae), and Artemisia absinthium (L.) (Asterales: Asteraceae) were determined: 1) the lethal concentration LC 50-90 , lethal time of D. neivai was evaluated after spraying the fruits of oil palm; 2) repellent effects of each ingredient were evaluated by calculating the index of repellency; 3) antifeeding effects with the rate of inhibition calculated between doses of 20 and 24 g/liter. The mortality of D. neivai was higher with the extracts Ci. sinensis, R. communis, N. tabacum, and Ca. annuum. The mortality of D. neivai increased in the first 72 hr in all treatments. The extracts of N. tabacum, Ca. annuum, and A. indica were more repellent to D. neivai that those of Ci. sinensis, Ar. Absinthium, and R. communis. Antifeeding effect was higher with Ci. sinensis and R. communis. The increased mortality of D. neivai by Ci. sinensis can be explained by the effect of this compound on the respiratory system of insects. Extracts of Ci. sinensis, R. communis, N. tabacum, and Ca. annuum repelled and caused mortality of D. neivai and, thus, can be used in integrate pest management programs of this pest in oil palm plantations.
Biochemical responses of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean cultivars sprayed with the protease Inhibitor Berenil
(Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013-08-02) Paixão, Gilson P.; Lourenção, André L.; Silva, Camila R.; Mendonça, Eduardo G.; Silva, Paulo L.; Oliveira, Joel A.; Zanuncio, José C.; Oliveira, Maria Goreti A.
The damage caused by Anticarsia gemmatalis motivates this study on the adaptive mechanisms of the insect to soybean. The lipoxygenase pathway produces and releases jasmonic acid, involved in the regulation of the plant defense genes, which encodes protease inhibitor (PI) production. Three soybean cultivars IAC-18, IAC-24, and Foscarin-31 were sprayed with water and berenil, a synthetic inhibitor, at 0.60 and 1.0% (w/v) and then infested with A. gemmatalis larvae. The lipoxygenase (LOX) activity increased in the leaves of Foscarin-31, IAC-18, and IAC-24 by 87, 81, and 78%, respectively, after 24 h of A. gemmatalis damage. IAC-18 revealed the lowest increase in PI when compared to the other cultivars. Protease, amidase, and esterase activities in soybean larvae dropped drastically after berenil application. PIs may be included in the control strategies of A. gemmatalis in soybean by lowering the digestive enzyme activity in the larval midgut, thus affecting insect growth and development.
Brachymeria spp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) parasitizing pupae of hersperidae and nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) pests of oil palm in the Brazilian Amazonian region
(Florida Entomologist, 2012-09) Ribeiro, Rafael C.; Tavares, Marcelo T.; Vilela, Evaldo F.; Tinôco, Ricardo S; Lemos, Walkymário De P.; Zanuncio, José C.
The cultivation of the African oil palm is one the main agricultural activity in humid areas of the world, such as Amazonia, but defoliating caterpillars can reduce the productivity of this crop in northern Brazil. This is the first report in Brazil of occurrence of the parasitoids Brachymeria annulipes (Costa Lima 1919) from pupae of Opsiphanes invirae (Hübner 1808) (Nymphalidae),Brachymeria pandora (Crawford 1919) (Chalcididae) from those of Saliana sp. (Hesperiidae) andBrachymeria koehleri Blanchard, 1935 as an hyperparasitoid of pupae of the natural enemy Chetogena scutellaris (Tachinidae) from O. invirae on oil palm cultivated in Pará State, Brazil. This isthe first report of species of the genus Brachymeria parasitizing pupae of O. invirae, and Salianasp., and as an hyperparasitoid of C. scutellaris in palm plantations in the Brazilian Amazonian region.
Características biológicas de Nipteria panacea Thierry-Mieg (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), desfolhadora do abacateiro, na região serrana do Espírito Santo, Brasil
(Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2002) Pratissoli, Dirceu; Zanuncio, José C.; Oliveira, Harley N.; Falqueto, Aloísio
Biological characteristics of Nipteria panacea Thierry-Mieg (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), an avocado tree defoliator, in highlands areas of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The objective of this research was to evaluate some biological characteristics of the avocado tree defoliator, Nipteria panacea Thiery-Mieg, in laboratory. This species showed the mean development cycle of 58.1 days, embryonic period of eight days and egg viability 56.3%. Pos-embryonic development lasted 36.5 days with viability of 48.2%, pupal period 11.6 days with viability of 76.0%, and mean longevity of females was 19.5 days with a production of 177 eggs per female. Other parameters were also observed and discussed.
Cerambycidae associated with hybrid Eucalyptus urograndis and native vegetation in carbonita, Minas Gerais state, Brazil
(Florida Entomologist, 2014-06) Zanuncio, José C.; Santos, Alexandre; Zanetti, Ronald; Almado, Roosevelt P.
Wood-borers of exotic and native trees are important pests of eucalyptus in many regions of the world. The feeding behavior of these insects causes losses in wood production. The aim of this study was to identify Cerambycidae beetles inhabiting plantations of clonal hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla hybrid; Myrtales: Myrtaceae) and native cerrado vegetation in order to improve knowledge about potential wood-borers in these habitats. The insects were collected weekly using baited traps located within eucalyptus stands and in the cerrado vegetation. In total, 3,377 individuals belonging to 13 cerambycid species were caught. The potential wood-borers species in eucalyptus managed plantations should to be monitored during the rainy period.
Comparative toxicity of six insecticides on the Rhinoceros Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
(Florida Entomologist, 2014-09) Martínez, Luis C.; Plata- Rueda, Angelica; Zanuncio, José C.; Serrão, José E.
Strategus aloeus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is a dangerous pest of oil palms in the Americas, because the adults cause several kinds of damage and kill palm trees. Effective methods for pest management are needed urgently. Bioassays were conducted to compare the toxicity to S. aloeus of the insecticides: fipronil, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, spinosad, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam. The toxicity of each insecticide to the adults of S. aloeus was determined as: (1) the LC50 and LC90 under laboratory conditions, after exposure of six concentrations of each insecticide applied in a semi-solid diet and used to feed each insect and (2) the mortality under semi-controlled field conditions after applications of insecticides into the beetle galleries in the oil palm tree. The mortality of S. aloeus was higher with fipronil, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam, while spinosad and thiacloprid were less effective. Higher mortalities were obtained with concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 µL mL-1 for determining LC50 values and 50, 100 µL mL-1 for determining LC90 values during 72 h. The mortalities of S. aloeus had similar tendencies under laboratory and semi-controlled field conditions. Fipronil, imidacloprid, lambdacyhalothrin and thiamethoxam caused substantial mortality in S. aloeus and, thus, can be used rotationally in integrated pest management programs (IPM) against this pest in the oil palm plantations.
Deleterious activity of natural products on postures of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
(Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 2010-06-01) Tavares, Wagner S.; Cruz, Ivan; Fonseca, G.; Gouveia, Natalia L.; Serrão, José E.; Zanuncio, José C.
The control of Lepidoptera pests should be carried out before hatching of their caterpillars to avoid damage to the crops. The aim of this work was to assess the activity of neem (trade name: Natuneem®, producer: Base Fértil, Chapadão do Sul, Brazil) and pyroligneous extracts (trade name: Biopirol 7M®, producer: Biocarbo, Itabirito, Brazil) at 10 mL/L (1%) and 20 mL/L (2%) contents on egg masses of different ages of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and of Diatraea saccharalis F. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at Embrapa Corn and Sorghum in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The tests took place in an unbiased casualized design with 12 treatments and four replications. The insecticides were diluted in water, and 0.04 mL of the solution was applied to recently laid and one- and two-day-old eggs of S. frugiperda and D. saccharalis. Caterpillars hatching from recently laid egg masses of S. frugiperda was lower with 2% pyroligneous extract [(0.02 ± 0.00)%]. Recently laid eggs and one- or two-day-old eggs of D. saccharalis presented lower caterpillar hatching with 1% neem extract [(0.00 ± 0.00)%, (0.00 ± 0.00)%, and (1.00 ± 0.01)%] and 2% neem extract [(0.00 ± 0.00)%], compared to 1% pyroligneous extract [(27.30 ± 3.22)%, (28.40 ± 3.32)%, and (37.80 ± 4.14)%] and 2% pyroligneous extract [(42.20 ± 4.49)%, (48.70 ± 4.97)%, and (56.60 ± 5.52)%], respectively. Neem and pyroligneous extracts had impact on hatching of S. frugiperda and D. saccharalis caterpillars.
Demographic parameters of the insecticide-exposed predator Podisus nigrispinus: implications for IPM
(BioControl, 2015-04) Castro, Ancidériton A. de; Poderoso, Júlio César M.; Ribeiro, Rafael C.; Legaspi, Jesusa C.; Serrão, José E.; Zanuncio, José C.
The predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera:Pentatomidae) shows potential for Integrated Pest Management programs of defoliating caterpillars in agricultural and forestry systems. Insecticides can indirectly affect caterpillar predators through consumption of treated prey. We examined the survival, reproductive and demographic parameters of the predator P. nigrispinus fed on caterpillars of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) fed on soybean leaves previously exposed to four insecticides widely used in this crop, chlorantraniliprole, deltamethrin, methamidophos and spinosad. Caterpillars of A. gemmatalis were fed for 12 h with treated soybean leaves and offered to adults of P. nigrispinus over five consecutive days. Spinosad and methamidophos were proved not compatible with P. nigrispinus in IPM programs in the soybean agro-ecosystem. Deltamethrin showed low toxicity to P. nigrispinus. However, further data may be necessary to recommend it for IPM. Chlorantraniliprole can be considered the most promising because of low toxicity to this predator.
The density of females of Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) affects their reproductive performance on pupae of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2010-06) Zanuncio, José C.; Pereira, Fabricio F.; Serrão, José E.; Zanuncio, Teresinha V.; Pratissoli, Dirceu; Pastori, Patrik L.
Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a gregarious and polyphagous parasitoid mainly of Lepidoptera pupae. The objective of this paper as to study the developent of parasitoid on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) pupae exposed to one, nine, 18, 27, 36, 45 or 54 female P. elaeisis, respectively. The females of the parasitoid remained in contact with pupae for 24 hours in glass tubes (14.0 x 2.2 cm), packed in a climatic chamber regulated at 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and photo phase of 12 hours. With the exception of density 1:1 (72.72%), in other densities parasitism was 100%. Adults of P. elaeisis did not emerge from pupae at densities of 1:1 and 9:1, but 100.0% of parasitoid emergence was observed at the density of 45:1 and 54.54% at 54:1. The duration of the life cycle of this parasitoid ranged from 20 to 28 days. P. elaeisis produced 49 to 589 descendants per pupa of B. mori. The sex ratio of P. elaeisis ranged from 0.93 ± 0.01 to 0.97 ± 0.01 without differences with 18, 27, 36, 45 and 54 females/host. This parasitoid should be reared with the density of 45 females per pupa of B. mori.
Dicyphus agilis (Hemiptera: Miridae), a new record as predator of aphids in tobacco crops in Colombia
(Florida Entomologist, 2015) Plata- Rueda, Angelica; Martínez, Luis C.; Zanuncio, José C.; Serrao, José E.
Dicyphus agilis Uhler (Hemiptera: Miridae) is reported for the first time in Colombia as a predator of aphids. This study describes the external morphology and genitalia of the most prominent structures of males and females of D. agilis, which are necessary to differentiate this species from others with phytophagous habits in Colombia.
Does mechanical damage on soybean induces the production of flavonoids?
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2018-10) Silva, Paulo Luiz da; Cordeiro, Gláucia; Silva, Carolina R. da; Barros, Rafael A.; Silva, Camila R. da; Zanuncio, José C.; Campos, Wellington G.; Oliveira, Maria G. A.
The response of plants to grazing includes the production of chemical defense compounds such as proteases inhibitors and secondary metabolites as flavonoids, which makes them less palatable to feeding and negatively affecting the physiology of insects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical response of soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) resistant (IAC-17, IAC-24) and susceptible (IAC-P1) to insects after mechanical damage. These cultivars were mechanically injured, and after 24 hours samples of these plants were analyzed by HPLC to identify and quantify flavonoids. The flavonoids daidzein, quercetin, and rutin were quantified, with the highest concentration of daidzin in soybean cultivars after mechanical damage. Rutin was biosynthesized by IAC-24. The cultivars IAC-PL1, IAC-17, and IAC- 24 did not show a flavonoid response to mechanical damage. The soybean cultivars are not dependent on mechanical damage to produce flavonoids.
Efeitos da temperatura sobre o comportamento alimentar de Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em plantas de algodão Bt e não-Bt
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2017-12-07) Zanuncio, José C.; Ramalho, Francisco S.; Pachú, Jéssica K.S.; Lira, Aline C.S.; Malaquias, José B.; Brito, Bárbara D.S.; Fernandes, Francisco S.
The host acceptance behavior and environmental factors as temperature affect the feeding behavior of Lepidoptera pests. Thus, they must be considered in studies about the risk potential of resistance evolution. The current study sets the differences in the feeding behavior of neonate Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae exposed to Bt and non-Bt cotton plants, under different temperatures and time gap after hatching. Two cotton cultivars were used: the Bt (DP 404 BG - bollgard) and the non-transformed isoline, DP 4049. We found that the feeding behavior of neonate A. argillacea is significantly different between Bt and non-Bt cotton. Based on the number of larvae with vegetal tissue in their gut found on the plant and in the organza as well as on the amount of vegetal tissue ingested by the larvae. A. argillacea shows feeding preference for non-Bt cotton plants, in comparison to that on the Bt. However, factors such as temperature and exposure time may affect detection capacity and plant abandonment by the larvae and it results in lower ingestion of vegetal tissue. Such results are relevant to handle the resistance of Bt cotton cultivars to A. argillacea and they also enable determining how the cotton seeds mix will be a feasible handling option to hold back resistance evolution in A. argillacea populations on Bt cotton, when it is compared to other refuge strategies. The results can also be useful to determine which refuge distribution of plants is more effective for handling Bt cotton resistance to A. argillacea.
Effect of gossypol on survival and reproduction of the zoophytophagous stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas)
(Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2011-06) Evangelista Junior, Walter S.; Santos, Roberta L.; Torres, Jorge B.; Zanuncio, José C.
Effect of gossypol on survival and reproduction of the zoophytophagous stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas). Gossypol is a sesquiterpene aldehyde found in cotton plants conferring resistance against herbivory. Although the effect of this sesquiterpenoid on insect pests of cotton is known, the interaction of this compound with zoophytophagous predators such as Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) has not been studied so far. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the purified gossypol on nymphs and adults of P. nigrispinus. Nymphs and adults of this predator were fed on Tenebrio molitor pupae and supplemented with solutions of gossypol at concentrations of 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% (w/v) during the nymphal and adult stages or, only during the adult stage of P. nigrispinus. The nymphal stage of the predator was, on average, two days longer when suplemmented with gossypol. Emerged adults had lower fecundity and egg hatching, especially at the highest gossypol concentration (0.20%) ingested during the nymphal and adult stages. However, this predator was not affected when it ingested the compound only during the adult stage. P. nigrispinus can have delayed nymphal development and lower reproductive performance when ingesting the gossypol during the nymphal and adult stages, but only at higher concentrations of gossypol than that produced by cotton plants.
Effect of honey feeding by Thyrinteina arnobia males and females on their reproduction and longevity
(Florida Entomologist, 2013) Euzébio, Denise E.; Zanuncio, José C.; Pinto, Rosenilson; Wilcken, Carlos F.; Ramalho, Francisco S.; Lima, Eraldo
Nutrients obtained during the larval period can be sufficient for reproduction, but adult feeding may be necessary to reproductive maturity and ripening of eggs. Adult food requirements of Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), the main defoliator of eu- calyptus in Brazil, may present problems in the laboratory. The fecundity and longevity of T. arnobia adults fed on 15% honey solution were evaluated. This solution did not improve the reproductive capacity and longevity of T. arnobia females but it favors those of males, which could increase mating probability. This is important because T. arnobia males emerge sooner than females, and feeding them could increase their longevity and chances of mating various females.
Effect of temperature on the reproduction of Bracon vulgaris Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the cotton boll weevil
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2011-09) Zanuncio, José C.; Ramalho, Francisco S.; Wanderley, Paulo A.; Malaquias, José B.; Fernandes, Francisco S.; Nascimento, Antônio R. B.
This research studied the effect of temperature on the reproduction of Bracon vulgaris Ashmead, an ectoparasitoid of cotton boll weevil ( Anthonomus grandis Boheman) at constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30ºC, 70 ± 10% RH and a photophase of 14 h. Females of the parasitoid produced a greater number of eggs when exposed to 25ºC (124.65 eggs) in relation to those exposed to 20 (43.40 eggs) and 30ºC (49.60 eggs). The number of parasitized larvae per female of B. vulgaris at 25ºC (71.75) was greater than at 20ºC (31.40) and 30ºC (25.15). The daily intrinsic rates of increase (rm) were - 0.007 at 20ºC, 0.07 at 25ºC and 0.03 at 30ºC, revealing that the temperature of 25ºC produced increases of 1,100 and 133% in the value rm in relation to temperatures of 20 and 30ºC, respectively. In programs of biological control of the boll weevil using innoculative releases, adult females of B. vulgaris with approximately five (at 25 or 30ºC) or 20 day old (at 20ºC) should be used; when using innundative releases, adult females of B. vulgaris , with ages between 11 and 31; 9 and 29 or 3 and 14 days, respectively, at 20, 25 or 30ºC should be used.
Effects of sequential mating by males on reproductive output of the stinkbug predator, Podisus nigrispinus
(BioControl, 2001-12) Tores, Jorge B.; Zanuncio, José C.
Reproductive output of the stinkbug predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heter- optera: Pentatomidae) was investigated as a function of the number of matings that the male had made with a range of females. After being placed with a female, virgin males were most likely to mate within 12 hours, while non-virgin males were most likely to mate within 12–24 hours. Although males lost weight during their first mating, the weights of mated and unmated males were not significantly different throughout their lifetime. Longevity was significantly greater for unmated males (36.0 days) than for mated males (29.8 days). Survival curves for both mated and unmated males were Type II. The capacity of males to transfer sperm to virgin females was not affected by previous matings. From 65.7 to 76.4% of eggs were viable and 206.7 to 274.6 nymphs were produced per female. Regardless of the number of matings that the male had made, females that had mated only once exhausted their stored sperm progressively and produced an increasing proportion of infertile eggs, which peaked at the end of their lives. These results show that P. nigrispinus females need more than one mating to maintain fertility, but their performance is not affected by the number of previous matings that the male has made or by male weight. Thus, the strategy of pairing with males multiple times improved production efficiency by increasing output and reducing food waste in mass production systems. This is achieved by temporarily pairing females at intervals of about 20 days during their entire lifetime.
Effects of temperature on the development of Stenoma impressella (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) on oil palm in Colombia
(Florida Entomologist, 2014-12) Martínez, Luis C.; Plata- Rueda, Angelica; Zanuncio, José C.; Ribeiro, Genésio T.; Serrão, José Eduardo
Stenoma impressella Busck (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) is an important oil palm pest and its life history and life table parameters were studied at various temperatures, from 16 °C to 40 °C. Females and males developed successfully into adults between 20 °C and 36 °C. However, no eggs were found at 10 °C and all the adults died after exposure to 40 °C. The developmental time from egg to adult was higher (170.5 days) at 15 °C and lower (76.6 days) at 35 °C. Therefore, temperature has a strong effect on the development of S. impressella from 15 °C to 35 °C. The reproductive period varied between 15–35 °C with 6.82 to 3.24 days for pre-oviposition, 17.5 to 4.89 days for oviposition, and 5.29 to 0.82 days for the postoviposition period. Female longevity was longer than that of the male, at all temperatures. The population growth parameters of S. impressella net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate increase (rm), finite increase rate (λ), mean generation time (T) and doubling time (D) were significantly affected by temperature. Temperature affects S. impressella populations by reducing or increasing their possible occurrence in the palm trees. The effect of temperature on the development, survival and reproduction of S. impressella can be useful for predicting its long-term population fluctuation as an invasive pest of oil palm plantations.
Effects of temperature on the feeding behavior of Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and non-Bt cotton plants
(Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2016-03-01) Ramalho, Francisco S.; Pachú, Jéssica K.S.; Lira, Aline C.S.; Malaquias, José B.; Brito, Bárbara D.S.; Zanuncio, José C.; Fernandes, Francisco S.
The host acceptance behavior and environmental factors as temperature affect the feeding behavior of Lepidoptera pests. Thus, they must be considered in studies about the risk potential of resistance evolution. The current study sets the differences in the feeding behavior of neonate Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae exposed to Bt and non-Bt cotton plants, under different temperatures and time gap after hatching. Two cotton cultivars were used: the Bt (DP 404 BG - bollgard) and the non-transformed isoline, DP 4049. We found that the feeding behavior of neonate A. argillacea is significantly different between Bt and non-Bt cotton. Based on the number of larvae with vegetal tissue in their gut found on the plant and in the organza as well as on the amount of vegetal tissue ingested by the larvae. A. argillacea shows feeding preference for non-Bt cotton plants, in comparison to that on the Bt. However, factors such as temperature and exposure time may affect detection capacity and plant abandonment by the larvae and it results in lower ingestion of vegetal tissue. Such results are relevant to handle the resistance of Bt cotton cultivars to A. argillacea and they also enable determining how the cotton seeds mix will be a feasible handling option to hold back resistance evolution in A. argillacea populations on Bt cotton, when it is compared to other refuge strategies. The results can also be useful to determine which refuge distribution of plants is more effective for handling Bt cotton resistance to A. argillacea.