Navegando por Autor "Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da"

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Development and survival of nymphs of Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed with caterpillars of Chlosyne lacinia saundersii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2009-01) Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da; Zanuncio, Teresinha Vinha; Cunha, Bruno Gomes; Castro, Ancidériton Antonio de; Canevari, Glauco da Cruz; Serrão, José Eduardo; Zanuncio, José Cola
The development and survival of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs fed on larvae of Chlosyne lacinia saundersii Doubleday & Hewitson (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) was studied at 25 ± 1ºC, 68 ± 10% relative humidity and 12 h photo phase. P. nigrispinus developed until the adult stage when fed on C. lacinia saundersii caterpillars. However, the survival rate of P. nigrispinus during early instars allowed this predator to complement its diet with other preys and to maintain its populations in areas with the sunflower culture.
Feeding and oviposition of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with sublethal concentrations of ten condiments essential oils
(Industrial Crops and Products, 2015-11-15) Ribeiro, Rafael Coelho; Zanuncio, Teresinha Vinha; Ramalho, Francisco de Sousa; Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da; Serrão, José Eduardo; Zanuncio, José Cola
The resistance, negative impacts on non-target organisms, and residues in food of synthetic pesticides necessitates the development of environmentally safe products for use in pest control. The objective of this research was to evaluate feeding and oviposition of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with sublethal concentrations of essential oils of condiments from ten plants, neem oil emulsion (Azamax®), and pyrethroid (Keshet® 25 EC). Bioassays were conducted in the laboratory and in a greenhouse setting using leaf disks (10.25 cm2 diameter) and soybean plants in the vegetative stage V3 with and without choice. The rate of feeding deterrence (IDF) and oviposition (IDO) of A. gemmatalis were calculated after 24 and 48 h of exposure to treatments, respectively. The cinnamon essential oils showed moderate antifeeding effect with IDF >50% of cinnamon mint thyme and garlic essential oils and high repellence of oviposition activity with IDO >80%. The velvetbean moth were attracted to synthetic mustard oil. The essential oils of garlic were most effective in reducing the feeding of velvetbean moth and oviposition of A. gemmatalis females and are therefore of interest in integrated pest management.
Feeding of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, on Bt transgenic cotton and its isoline
(Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2011-05-11) Zanuncio, José Cola; Ramalho, Francisco de Sousa; Azeredo, Tiago L.; Nascimento, Antônio Rogério Bezerra de; Fernandes, Francisco Sales; Nascimento Júnior, José Luiz; Malaquias, José Bruno; Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da
Studies on insect food intake and utilization are important for determining the degree of insect ⁄ plant association and host species’ resistance, and also for helping design pest management programs by providing estimates of potential economic losses, techniques for mass breeding of insects, and identifying physiological differences between species. We studied the feeding and development of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on transgenic (Bt) and non- transgenic (non-Bt) cotton. The larvae of S. frugiperda fed on Bt cotton had a longer development period (23.0 days) than those fed on non-Bt cotton (20.2 days). Survivorship of S. frugiperda larvae fed on Bt cotton (74.1%) was lower than that of larvae fed on non-Bt cotton (96.7%). Pupal weight of larvae fed on Bt cotton (0.042 g) was lower than that of larvae fed on non-Bt cotton (0.061 g). The cotton cultivar significantly affected food intake, feces production, metabolization, and food assimilation by S. frugiperda larvae. However, it did not affect their weight gain. Intake of Bt-cotton leaf (0.53 g dry weight) per S. frugiperda larva was lower than the intake of non-Bt-cotton leaf (0.61 g dry weight). Larvae fed on Bt-cotton leaves produced less feces (0.25 g dry weight) than those fed on non-Bt-cotton leaves (0.37 g dry weight). Weight gain per S. frugiperda larva fed on Bt-cotton leaves (0.058 g dry weight) was similar to the weight gain for larvae fed on non-Bt-cotton leaves (0.056 g dry weight). The cotton cultivar significantly affected the relative growth, consumption, and metabolic rates, as well as other nutritional indices: the figures were lower for larvae fed on Bt-cotton leaves than for larvae fed on non-transgenic cotton leaves.
Impacto da pilosidade do algodoeiro sobre o curuquerê Alabama argillacea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e seu predador Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2006-12-04) Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da; Serrão, José Eduardo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785636U6; Lino Neto, José; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4786229P1; Zanuncio, José Cola; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787556T2; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784323U6; Lima, José Oscar Gomes de; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788275J9; Berger, Paulo Geraldo; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721101J6
Estudou-se em laboratório e casa-de-vegetação, o impacto da pilosidade do algodoeiro sobre o curuquerê Alabama argillacea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e seu predador Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Inicialmente, foi determinado o desenvolvimento, sobrevivência e a reprodução de A. argillacea em algodoeiros com alta e baixa densidade de tricomas, mostrando um aumento na duração dos estágios de larva e pupa deste inseto. Em seguida, foi estudada a mobilidade de ninfas de P. nigrispinus em algodoeiros com alta e baixa densidade de tricomas. Em geral, a velocidade de caminhamento foi maior para ninfas de P. nigrispinus, de estádios mais avançados. No entanto, ninfas de mesma idade de P. nigrispinus tendiam a caminhar mais, rapidamente, nos locais da planta e genótipos de algodoeiro com menor densidade de tricomas. Finalmente, foi determinado o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de P. nigrispinus em algodoeiros com alta e baixa densidade de tricomas, não havendo efeitos dos tricomas nestas características do predador. A duração dos períodos de pré-oviposição, oviposição, pós-oviposição, longevidade e o número de ovos e de posturas por fêmea de P. nigrispinus, nos genótipos de algodoeiro com alta e baixa densidade de tricomas, não afetaram a reprodução desse predador. As características populacionais de P. nigrispinus, avaliadas por tabelas de fertilidade e esperança de vida, não foram prejudicadas pelos genótipos de algodoeiros com alta densidade de tricomas. Por isto, genótipos de algodoeiro com alta densidade de tricomas devem ser considerados em programas de manejo integrado de pragas visando à utilização conjunta da resistência de plantas e do controle biológico.
The introduced tree Prosopis juliflora is a serious threat to native species of the Brazilian Caatinga vegetation
(Science of the Total Environment, 2014-02-05) Nascimento, Clóvis Eduardo de Souza; Tabarelli, Marcelo; Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da; Leal, Inara Roberta; Tavares, Wagner de Souza; Serrão, José Eduardo; Zanuncio, José Cola
Despite its economic importance in the rural context, the Prosopis juliflora tree species has already invaded mil- lions of hectares globally (particularly rangelands), threatening native biodiversity and rural sustainability. Here we examine seedling growth (leaf area, stem diameter, plant height) and seedling mortality across five native plant species of the Caatinga vegetation in response to competition with P. juliflora. Two sowing treatments with 10 replications were adopted within a factorial 2 × 5 randomized block design. Treatments consisted of P. juliflora seeds sowed with seeds of Caesalpinia ferrea, Caesalpinia microphylla, Erythrina velutina, Mimosa bimucronata and Mimosa tenuiflora (one single native species per treatment), while seeds of native species sowed without P. juliflora were adopted as controls. Overall, our results suggest that P. juliflora can reduce seed- ling growth by half and cause increased seedling mortality among woody plant species. Moreover, native species exhibit different levels of susceptibility to competition with P. juliflora, particularly in terms of plant growth. Such a superior competitive ability apparently permits P. juliflora to establish monospecific stands of adult trees, locally displacing native species or limiting their recruitment. The use of less sensitive species, such as C. ferrea and M. tenuiflora, to restore native vegetation before intensive colonization by P. juliflora should be investigated as an effective approach for avoiding its continuous spread across the Caatinga region.
Predation rate of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae with and without defense by Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2008-01) Zanuncio, José Cola; Silva, Carlos Alberto Domingues da; Lima, Eraldo Rodrigues de; Pereira, Fabrício Fagundes; Ramalho, Francisco de Souza; Serrão, José Eduardo
The effect of the defense of the prey Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on predation rates of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) females was studied. P. nigrispinus preyed 1.0, 1.4, 1.2, 3.8 and 3.0 and 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 2.8 and 3.2 third instars of S. frugiperda larvae with and without defense, respectively, with the densities of one, two, four, six and eight larvae. The attack rate and the manipulation time were, respectively, 0.67 ± 0.39-h and 6.72 ± 2.88 h for P. nigrispinus females fed with larvae with defense and 2.51 ± 0.16-h and 0.51 ± 0.77 h for those without defense. The functional response of the predator P. nigrispinus varies with the defense and the density of the prey S. frugiperda, with larger consumption of prey without defense at higher densities.