Navegando por Autor "Santos, Wedisson Oliveira"

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Acid ammonium citrate as p extractor for fertilizers of varying solubility
(Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2019) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Barreto, Matheus Sampaio Carneiro; Cantarutti, Reinaldo Bertola
There are several globally accepted methods to chemically characterize P-fertilizers, but not all are suitable to predict the agronomic efficiency of the P sources in terms of plant nutrition. Our aim was to investigate the performance of P extractors for fertilizers, investigating the consistency of different methods for P sources of varying properties and the related plant responses. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using corn as a model plant. Phosphorus values extractable in water, 2 % citric acid, 2 % formic acid, ammonium neutral citrate + water, and acid ammonium citrate were evaluated for eight P fertilizers of varied solubility and correlated with P uptake by corn. The extractors citric acid and formic acid recovered no predictive amounts of P from crystalline apatite sources (Araxá and Patos phosphate rocks, PRs). However, they showed a satisfactory performance for Bayóvar PR and partially acidulated PRs but extracted low amounts of P from soluble P sources such as superphosphates. Neutral ammonium citrate + water extractors could accurately predict the efficiency of soluble P sources but underestimated the performance of Bayóvar (a reactive PR). In contrast, the extractor acid ammonium citrate, AAC, (pH 3) accurately predicted the agronomic efficiency of all P fertilizers. We therefore suggest AAC as an effective predictor of the agronomic effectiveness of any inorganic phosphorus sources.
Agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilizers produced by the re-use of a metallurgical acid residue
(Journal of Environmental Management, 2017-11-11) Barreto, Matheus Sampaio Carneiro; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Melo, Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo; Vergütz, Leonardus; Novais, Roberto Ferreira
The production of fertilizers with industrial wastes reduces the environmental impacts of waste disposal and improves environmental sustainability by generating added-value products. Our objective with this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance and potential soil/plant contamination with heavy metals of alternative phosphate (P) fertilizers, obtained from the acidulation of phosphate rocks (PR) by a metallurgical acidic waste. Seven P fertilizers were evaluated: three PR (Araxá, Patos, and Bayóvar), their respective acidulated products (PAPR), and triple superphosphate fertilizer (TSP). A greenhouse trial was carried out to test the agronomic performances of fertilizers in a sequentially cultivated maize-soybean-white oat. The reaction of PR with acid waste was effective to increase their solubility and improve plant yield and P uptake compared to their natural PR. There was a cumulative recovery by plants of 1.4 and 8.1% of added P via PR and PAPR, respectively. No increase in heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni) availability in soil or accumulation in shoots was observed, indicating that the PAPR were environmentally safe. The usage of acid waste to produce P fertilizers therefore represents a strategic way to employ marginal products for the production of fertilizers.
Characterization of verdete rock as a potential source of potassium
(Revista Ceres, 2015-07-04) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Costa, Liovando Marciano da; Abrahão, Walter Antônio Pereira
Potassium is a nutrient found at low levels in Brazilian soils, requiring large inputs of fertilizers to achieve satisfactory crop yields. Brazil has high external dependence and limited reserves of soluble K mineral, which is traditionally exploited for the production of fertilizers. On the other hand, it is common the occurrence in the country of potassium-rich silicate minerals which are not commercially exploited. This study aimed to characterize mineralogically and chemically samples of verdete rock separated into size fractions and evaluate its potential as potassium fertilizer. The mineral composition of verdete rock is based on glauconite, quartz and feldspar. The total K2O content in verdete rock ranged from 5.18 to 9.0 dag/kg. The K content extracted in water or 2% citric acid was 2.4% below the total of K, indicating low reactivity of verdete rock and limitations for direct use as K source. The processes of physical fractionation and sedimentation in water are inefficient to promote the concentration of K in the different verdete rock fractions. The total K content in some samples are considerable and may enable the use of this rock as raw material for production of more reactive potassium fertilizers.
Produção de fertilizantes potássicos e fosfatados por meio de processos térmicos e químicos e avaliação da eficiência agronômica
(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015-12-10) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1923547590394106
A presente tese trata-se de estudos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de fertilizantes utilizando processos térmicos e químicos, e avaliações agronômicas. Para o trabalho 1, uma rocha silicatada potássica, chamada verdete (RV) foi calcinada na presença e ausência de um agente fundente (AF), o CaCl 2 .2H 2 O, variando a temperatura de calcinação e proporção (m m -1 ) AF/RV, objetivando a produção de um fertilizante potássico solúvel. Foram medidos os teores de K solúveis em água e investigadas transformações minerais por meio de difração de raios X (DRX) ou do ambiente molecular do K, por meio de espectroscopia de absorção de raios X (XAS). Demonstrou-se que a RV tem baixa solubilidade em água, entretanto quando calcinada em condições ótimas de temperatura (850 o C) e proporção (m m -1 ) AF/RV (1.7) é possível extrair em água até 95% (m m -1 ) do K total da rocha. De acordo com a análise de Potassium K-edge XANES, a formação de silicato de potássio de baixa cristalinidade (bc- K 2 SiO 3 ) é linear positiva com o aumento da temperatura até 1100 o C, já a formação de KCl é otimizada a 850 o C. Os teores de K extraídos em água diminuíram de 900 para 1100 o C, e a análise Linear Combination Fitting analysis (LCF) indicou diminuição da espécie KCl (elevada solubilidade) e aumento da proporção de bc-K 2 SiO 3 (baixa solubilidade), sugerindo a conversão de formas solúveis de K em fases vítreas de baixa solubilidade. Elevados resíduos da análise LCF, de até 0,04, indicam a formação de desconhecidas espécies de K, que não foram utilizadas como padrões para essa análise. Para o segundo trabalho, fosfatos naturais oriundos de Patos, Araxá e do Perú (Bayóvar) reagiram com diferentes concentrações de efluente ácido (EA). Teores solúveis de P em água, ácido cítrico e em citrato neutro de amônio, comprovaram o aumento da solubilização desses fosfatos com o aumento da concentração de EA. Entretanto, para o fosfato de Patos, ajustes quadráticos revelaram que o EA promoveu maior extração de P em concentrações entre 40 e 60% (v v - ). Análises de Phosphorus K-edge XANES e DRX mostraram que ao longo da dissolução da apatita, com o aumento da concentração do EA, ocorre formação de sulfatos de cálcio (DRX) e espécies de P mais solúveis (XANES), como fosfato tricálcico amorfo, fosfato dicálcico, fosfato monocálcio e fosfato de ferro amorfo. Análise na pré-borda do P (~2148 eV) mostra que a formação de fosfatos de ferro (III) é progressiva com o aumento da concentração do efluente. Adicionalmente, a suavização da pós-edge (~ 2155 eV) com o aumento da concentração do efluente, confirma a formação de espécies de P menos rica em Ca. Para o trabalho 3, foram produzidos fertilizantes potássicos por meio de calcinação e ataque ácido da RV, utilizando cloreto de cálcio como AF e o EA de indústria metalúrgica, respectivamente. Caracterizações mineralógicas da RV calcinada (VC) e acidificada (VA) confirmaram a formação de minerais potássicos solúveis, a sylvita (KCl) e a arcanita (K 2 SO 4 ), respectivamente. Foram realizados ensaios em casa de vegetação utilizando milho (Zea mays L.), capim (Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça), e eucalipto (clone I144) como plantas teste. Como fontes de K, utilizou-se a RV, VC, VA e o KCl. A RV mostrou-se ser pouco reativa, com insignificante efeito nos cultivos de milho e eucalipto. Entretanto, pequeno efeito residual foi observado no cultivo de capim, subsequente ao milho. De forma geral, as performances do VC e VA em termos de absorção de K pelo milho, capim e eucalipto foram equivalentes ou superiores ao KCl. Os resultados obtidos com essa tese mostram que é possível obter fertilizante potássico com eficiência agronômica equiparável ao KCl, a partir do reaproveitamento de um resíduo e exploração de uma rocha silicatada. A calcinação mostrou-se mais eficaz que a acidificação da RV, entretanto estudos de viabilidade econômica com tais processos são necessários. A reutilização do EA na solubilização de fosfatos naturais parece ser promissora, diante do expressivo aumento de reatividade dos fosfatos de Araxá, Patos e Bayóvar alcançados com a acidificação. Entretanto, estudos com plantas são necessários para a comprovação da eficácia desses produtos como fertilizantes.
Production and evaluation of potassium fertilizers from silicate rock
(Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2016-06-15) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Vergutz, Leonardus; Costa, Rodolfo Fagundes
Rising price and limited geographical availability of traditional sources of potassium (K) fertilizers have stimulated a search for alternative K sources in different parts of the world. We evaluated mineral transformations and agronomic properties of an alternative source of K produced through thermal and chemical treatment of the verdete rock (VR). Chemical and mineralogical characteristics were evaluated before and after each treatment. Four K sources (verdete rock, KCl, acidified verdete, and calcinated verdete) were applied to a Typic Hapludox at different rates. Eucalyptus and sequentially cropped maize and grass were grown in the treated soils. Ver- dete rock, which contained glauconite and microcline as K crystalline minerals, had very low solubility in water and in citric acid. Thermal and chemical treatments increased the concentration of water soluble K and citric acid soluble K. These treatments also caused crystalline K minerals to collapse and form sylvite and arcanite. Untreated verdete rock was not suitable as a K source for maize (Zea mays L.) and eucalyptus (Eucaliptus urograndis I144). Thermal and chemical treatments increased agronomic performance of VR to be similar to KCl. When K was applied as K-calcined verdete, 82% of the total K was recovered in maize and grass cultivations. Less K was recovered in plant following addition of K-acidified verdete and KCl (72% and 77%, respectively). Potassium recoveries by eucalyptus were about 52, 53, and 60% of the amount applied of calcined verdete, acidified verdete, and KCl, respectively. Both calcination and thermal treatment increased the K uptake and dry matter production for all plant species tested to be similar to KCl suggesting that this silicate rock could be beneficiated to be an effective K fertilizer.
Thermal and chemical solubilization of verdete for use as potassium fertilizer
(International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2015-07-10) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Costa, Liovando Marciano da; Abrahão, Walter Antônio Pereira; Novais, Roberto Ferreira de; Cantarutti, Reinaldo Bertola
Thermal and chemical treatments were used to investigate the solubilization of potassium from verdete, a glauconitic rock. Fluxing agents were evaluated at distinct temperatures and proportions. Chemical dissolution of verdete was studied with increasing amounts of acids or bases at different temperatures and reaction times. In the calcination test, the presence of fluxing agents was critical to increasing the rock solubility, in addition to the effects of temperature and material ratios. The content of water-soluble K was 100, 100, 85, and 42% when using the salts LiCl, CaCl2.2H2O, Na2CO3, NaCl, respectively, as fluxing agents. The salts CaSO4, CaCO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 were ineffective as fluxing agents. In the chemical treatments, the reaction with the base NaOH was more efficient than the acids to solubilize K. It was possible to solubilize up to 60% of K from verdete with 4.0 mol L− 1 NaOH, at 150 °C for 120 min. Among the acids, H3PO4 was the most efficient, promoting solubilization of up to 42% K, with 4.0 mol L− 1 H3PO4, at 225 °C, for 120 min. When using the concentrated acid waste and shaking for 144 h, up to 75% of K could be solubilized from the rock. It was concluded that the heated treatments were most effective in solubilizing verdete, followed by the acid waste, which are processes required for the production of soluble potassium fertilizers from unconventional sources of low reactivity.
Thermal treatment of a potassium-rich metamorphic rock in formation of soluble K forms
(International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2017-02-10) Santos, Wedisson Oliveira; Mattiello, Edson Marcio; Pacheco, Anderson Almeida; Vergutz, Leonardus; Souza-Filho, Luiz Francisco da Silva; Abdala, Dalton Belchior
Countries like Brazil, China and India are highly dependent on external reserves of soluble potassium (K) minerals for the production of K fertilizers. On the other hand, the natural occurrence of potassium-rich silicate minerals in these countries, has seldom been commercially exploited until recently. Technological strategies that can increase the reactivity of these minerals can turn them into a resource for K fertilizer production. This work aimed to investigate the changes in solubility of Verdete rock (VR) after calcination with a melting agent (MA- CaCl2·2H2O) under varying temperatures of calcination and ratios (w w− 1) of MA/VR. Measurements of extractable K in water (Kwater), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) were performed to identify new mineral phases. The Kwater increased up to 184-fold when the VR was calcined in the presence of MA. Optimization of calcination of VR to temperature of 850 °C and a 1.7 ratio (w w− 1) of MA/VR yielded Kwater values of up to 95% of total K. Potassium K-edge XANES analysis revealed changes in the molecular environment of K due to the calcination of VR at increasing temperatures. The K K-edge XANES fit to sylvite was supported by the detection of this mineral by XRD analysis at calcination temperatures ranging from 700 to 900 °C. In addition, K K-edge XANES analysis indicated the gradual formation of a new potassium-silicate mineral with increasing temperature, which the XANES analysis showed to be an amorphous-K2SiO3 (Amorphous-K2SiO3). The combination of Kwater and the residue of Linear Combination Fitting analysis (LCF) performed on the XANES data suggested the formation of an undefined K mineral phase additional to sylvite and Amorphous-K2SiO3. The calcination process was effective in producing highly soluble K mineral phases from a low solubility raw material. The end-products of the calcination procedure obtained in our work represent a promising alternative material for K fertilizer production, but further evaluation of the plant availability of the K in soils is needed.