Navegando por Autor "Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira"

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A história de 35 anos do Programa de Educação Tutorial: biologia na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
(Revista ELO - Diálogos em Extensão, 2020) Tavares, Mara Garcia; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Andrade, Julia Martins de
O Programa de Educação Tutorial foi criado em 1979 com o objetivo de elevar a qualificação dos estudantes de cursos superiores, nas diversas áreas do conhecimento. O PET Biologia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em particular, foi implementado em março de 1985. O objetivo deste artigo é resgatar o processo de criação do mesmo e contar um pouco de sua história. Pretende-se ressaltar as atividades desenvolvidas pelo grupo em diferentes momentos da sua trajetória e, as contribuições do Programa para a formação de seus participantes. A análise realizada evidenciou que a metodologia adotada no Programa propiciou oportunidades para que novos conhecimentos sejam adquiridos ao longo do tempo de permanência dos bolsistas no Programa. Ela também permite aos petianos enriquecer sua formação geral, melhorando sua capacidade de trabalhar em equipe e de resolver problemas. Estas características aumentam a criatividade e despertam novos interesses nos petianos. O Programa, portanto, contribui para a formação acadêmica global dos discentes do Curso.
The antennal sensilla of Melipona quadrifasciata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini): a study of different sexes and castes
(Naturwissenschaften, 2014-05-27) Ferreira, Ríudo de Paiva; Ravaiano, Samira Veiga; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Martins, Gustavo Ferreira
The sensilla of insects are integumental units that play a role as sensory structures and are crucial for the per- ception of stimuli and for communication. In this study, we compared the antennal sensilla of females (workers and queens), males (haploid (n) and diploid (2n)), and queen-like males (QLMs, resulting from 2n males after juvenile hormone (JH) treatment) in the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata. Images of the dorsal antenna surfaces were acquired using a scanning electron microscope. As reported for other hyme- nopterans, this species exhibits a heterogeneous sensillar dis- tribution along the antennae. Thirteen different types of sen- silla were found in the antennae of M. quadrifasciata: trichodea (subtypes I to VI), chaetica (subtypes I and II), placodea, basiconica, ampullacea, coeloconica, and coelocapitula. Sensilla trichodea I were the most abundant, followed by sensilla placodea, which might function in olfac- tory perception. Sensilla basiconica, sensilla chaetica I, sen- silla coeloconica, and sensilla ampullacea were found exclu- sively in females. In terms of the composition and size of the sensilla, the antennae of QLMs most closely resemble those of the 2n male, although QLMs exhibit a queen phenotype. This study represents the first comparative analysis of the antennal sensilla of M. quadrifasciata. The differences found in the type and amount of sensilla between the castes and sexes are discussed based on the presumed sensillary functions.
Conhecimento da população de Viçosa, MG, sobre as formas de transmissão da Aids
(Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 2007-03-02) Lima, Marcela Miranda; Carlos, Jaqueline; Areal, Rômulo Braga; Souza, Rodrigo José Silva; Lima, Swiany Silveira; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Eisenlohr, Pedro Vasconcellos; Filardi, Michelle Picinin
A aids é um dos mais graves problemas de saúde pública atuais e uma importante forma de prevenção reside no conhecimento, por parte da população, das formas de transmissão da doença. Com o objetivo de avaliar o grau de conhecimento da população da cidade de Viçosa em relação às formas de transmissão da aids, foram aplicados 376 questionários, com onze perguntas de múltipla escolha sobre as formas de transmissão da aids, bem como sexo, idade e escolaridade dos entrevistados. Os dados mostraram que as formas de transmissão enfatizadas pelas campanhas de saúde estão bem assimiladas, enquanto situações do cotidiano que não oferecem risco apresentaram elevado número de respostas incorretas. As diferenças encontradas entre os sexos não foram significativas. Quando os dados foram estratificados por idade e escolaridade, foram encontradas diferenças significativas para algumas perguntas em que as pessoas com mais de 55 anos e de menor escolaridade apresentaram maior número de respostas incorretas. Pode-se concluir que a população viçosense conhece as principais formas de transmissão da aids, mas uma parte desconhece a ausência de risco de algumas atividades cotidianas. Esses dados podem ser usados para a elaboração de campanhas de esclarecimento visando à redução do preconceito.
Conservation study of an endangered stingless bee (Melipona capixaba—Hymenoptera: Apidae) with restricted distribution in Brazil
(Journal of Insect Conservation, 2014-06-25) Nogueira, Juliano; Ramos, Josemar de Carvalho; Benevenuto, Juliana; Resende, Helder Canto; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Tavares, Mara Garcia; Fernandes-Salomão, Tânia Maria
Melipona capixaba, popularly known as “uruçu preta”, is a stingless bee restricted to the mountainous Atlantic Rainforest areas of Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Due to the endemism and small population size, this species discovered in 1994 is now considered “vulnerable to extinction”. Using ISSR, PCR–RFLP and microsatellites markers, we studied the genetic variability and structure of M. capixaba from 88 colonies collected throughout the distribution area of the species within Espírito Santo State. The microsatellite, ISSR and mitochondrial haplotype analyses showed that M. capixaba has low genetic variability compared to other insect species. The molecular analyses also indicated a high genetic similarity among the M. capixaba samples, with no clear pattern of structuring. The analyses of molecular variance results indicated that most of the total genetic variation in M. capixaba was explained by the genetic diversity within local populations. Results suggest that the analyzed samples could be treated as a single population for preservation purposes. Thus, given its endemism, local adaptation and low number of natural colonies, efforts for the conservation of M. capixaba should focus on preservation and increasing the number of colonies in the wild, so that M. capixaba can support constant captures and the effects of habitat deforestation in Espírito Santo State.
Effect of mating delay on the ovary of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera: Apidae) queens
(Micron, 2006-09-20) Souza, Edmilson Amaral de; Neves, Clóvis Andrade; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Zanuncio, José Cola; Serrão, José Eduardo
The effect of mating delay on the ovary structure of virgin queens of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was investigated. Virgin queens 15, 20, 25 and 30 days old were dissected to analyze their degree of ovary degeneration. To verify whether the degeneration would cause permanent sterility, virgin queens of the same ages (15, 20, 25 and 30 days) were mated and accompanied for at least 14 days to verify whether there was physogastry and then dissected. The ovaries were analyzed by histology, histochemical tests and TUNEL to verify programmed cell death. The results showed that mating delay interrupted oogenesis preventing vitellogenesis. Mating delay results in ovary degeneration which increased with queen age. However, even when there was ovariole degeneration, 25-day-old virgin queens after mating presented normal ovariole activation.
Genetic divergence between Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier (Hymenoptera, Apidae) populations
(Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2012-08-13) Tavares, Mara Garcia; Pietrani, Nathalia Teixeira; Durvale, Maxwell de Castro; Resende, Helder Canto; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
Melipona quadrifasciata is a stingless bee widely found throughout the Brazilian territory, with two recognized subspecies, M. quadrifasciata anthidioides, that exhibits interrupted metasomal stripes, and M. quadrifasciata quadrifasciata, with continuous metasomal stripes. This study aimed to estimate the genetic variability of these subspecies. For this purpose, 127 colonies from 15 Brazilian localities were analyzed, using nine species-specific microsatellite primers. At these loci, the number of alleles ranged from three to 15 (mean: 7.2), and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.03-0.21, while the expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.23-0.47. The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0.03-0.45. The FST multilocus value (0.23) indicated that the populations sampled were structured, and the clustering analysis showed the formation of two subgroups and two more distant populations. The first group contained the subspecies M. quadrifasciata quadrifasciata, and the other, the subspecies M. quadrifasciata anthidioides and the two M. quadrifasciata populations with continuous metasomal stripes from northern Minas Gerais. These results confirmed that the yellow metasomal stripes alone are not a good means for correctly identifying the different subspecies of M. quadrifasciata.
Genetic divergence between populations of the stingless bee uruçu amarela (Melipona rufiventris group, Hymenoptera, Meliponini): is there a new Melipona species in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais?
(Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2007) Tavares, Mara Garcia; Dias, Luiz Antonio dos Santos; Borges, Andréia Arantes; Lopes, Denilce Meneses; Busse, Angélica Helene Pereira; Costa, Ronaldo Guimarães; Salomão, Tânia Maria Fernandes; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
Allozyme, microsatellite and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers were used to investigate the within and between population genetic variability and between population genetic differentiation of the Brazilian stingless bee uruçu amarela (nominally Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier, 1836) present in savanna and Atlantic forest habitats of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais (MG). We found low levels of within population variability, although there were a large number of private alleles that specifically characterized these populations. The FST values indicated a high level of genetic diversity between populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed a high degree of population differentiation between the savanna and Atlantic forest habitats, confirmed by population pairwise FST data. Principal coordinates analysis and unweighted pair-group method using an arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendrograms also confirmed that in Minas Gerais the savanna populations (M. rufiventris) were genetically distinct from those present in the Atlantic forest (M. mondury). In addition, populations from locations near the towns of Dom Bosco and Brasilândia de Minas were genetically different from those collected in other localities in the savanna. Our data indicate that populations of uruçu amarela found in the savanna and Atlantic forest habitats of Minas Gerais state should be treated separately for conservation purposes and that special attention should be given to the populations found in the region of Dom Bosco and Brasilândia de Minas until their taxonomic status is clarified.
Genetic diversity and structure of Atta robusta (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Attini), an endangered species endemic to the restinga ecoregion
(Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2014-04-13) Reis, Evelyze Pinheiro dos; Salomão, Tânia Maria Fernandes; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Tavares, Mara Garcia
The genetic diversity and structure of the ant Atta robusta were assessed by ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) in 72 colonies collected from 10 localities in the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo (48 colonies) and Rio de Janeiro (24 colonies). The ISSR pattern included 67 bands, 51 of them (76.1%) polymorphic. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a high level (57.4%) of inter-population variation, which suggested a high degree of genetic structure that was confirmed by UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method using an arithmetic average) cluster analysis. The significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r = 0.64, p < 0.05) indicated isolation that reflected the distance between locations. Overall, the populations were found to be genetically divergent. This finding indicates the need for management plans to preserve and reduce the risk of extinction of A. robusta.
Genome size diversity in stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini)
(Apidologie, 2012-11) Tavares, Mara Garcia; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto; Soares, Fernanda Aparecida Ferrari; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
The first studies on the genome size of stingless bee species showed a range from 0.27 pg (Melipona subnitida and Melipona quadrifasciata) to 1.38 pg (Melipona capixaba). Considering this variation, we quantified the DNA content of 26 species of Meliponini, in order to provide input for future comparative studies in this tribe. Haploid genome size (1C) estimates, using flow cytometry analyses (FCM), ranged from 0.26 ± 0.003 pg (Paratrigona subnuda) to 0.98 ± 0.023 pg (Melipona flavolineata), with an average of 0.54 ± 0.17 pg. FCM analyses also demonstrated a small difference in the haploid genome size between males and females of the same species, with the males generally having a smaller genome than females. Our data also evidenciated that variations in the genome size of stingless bees do not correlate with changes in chromosome number and that in some genera the DNA content is more variable than in others.
Isoenzyme variation in Melipona rufiventris (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponina) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil
(Biochemical Genetics, 2004-02-26) Costa, Ronaldo Guimarāes; Tavares, Mara Garcia; Dias, Luiz Antonio dos Santos; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
The stingless bee Melipona rufiventris is an important pollinator in several Brazilian ecosystems. Originally widely distributed in Minas Gerais (MG) state, this species is becoming very rare. Therefore this species was included in the endangered species list of MG. We used isoenzyme data for a better understanding of the genetic structure of several M. rufiventris colonies. Samples of 35 colonies were collected from 12 localities and evaluated by nine enzymatic systems, which yielded 17 loci. M. rufiventris genetic variation was found to be low, typical of an endangered species. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 5.88% in both ecosystems. Only Est-4 was polymorphic in colonies from the Forest and Mdh-1 in colonies from the Cerrado. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0068 in the Cerrado to 0.0078 in the Forest. Despite this, enzyme electrophoretic analyses provided a good idea of the diversity between samples from Cerrado and Forest which reinforce the existence of two different “forms” of M. rufiventris in MG, one present in the Cerrado and the other in Forest. This information is of great importance for the conservation of, M. rufiventris in MG.
Karyotypic description of the stingless bee Melipona quinquefasciata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) with emphasis on the presence of B chromosomes
(Comparative Cytogenetics, 2018) Silva, Alexandra Avelar; Rocha, Marla Piumbini; Pompolo, Silvia das Graças; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Tavares, Mara Garcia
Stingless bees are distributed widely in the tropics, where they are major pollinators of several plant spe- cies. In this study, the karyotype of Melipona quinquefasciata Lepeletier, 1836 was analysed, with emphasis on the presence of B chromosomes. Post-defecating larvae were analysed using Giemsa staining, the C- banding technique, sequential staining with fluorochromes, and FISH. The chromosome number ranged from 2n = 18 to 22 (females) and from n = 9 to 13 (males) due to the presence of 0–4 B chromosomes. This result demonstrates that M. quinquefasciata has the same chromosomal number as other Melipona Illiger, 1806 species. Considering the A complement, heterochromatin was located only in the pericentro- meric region of pair 1. Staining with chromomycin A 3 (CMA 3 ) and labelling with rDNA probe, indicated that this region corresponded to the nucleolus organising region. The B chromosomes of M. quinquefas- ciata could be found in individuals from different localities, they were completely heterochromatic (C- banding) and uniformly stained by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Variations in the number of B chromosomes were detected between cells of the same individual, between individuals of the same colony, and between colonies from different localities.
Pollen sources for Melipona capixaba Moure & Camargo: an endangered Brazilian stingless bee
(Psyche: A Journal of Entomology, 2011-04-27) Luz, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da; Fernandes-Salomão, Tânia Maria; Lage, Lorena Gusmão Alvarenga; Resende, Helder Canto; Tavares, Mara Garcia; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
Pollen samples were collected in three different periods from 11 Melipona capixaba Moure & Camargo hives and analyzed with melissopalynological methodology. A total of 33 pollen types were identified, of which 23 genera and 15 families were identified. The following families showed the highest pollen richness: Fabaceae (7), Myrtaceae (3), Solanaceae (3), Arecaceae (2), Asteraceae (2), Euphorbiaceae (2), Melastomataceae/Combretaceae (2), Rubiaceae (2), and Sapindaceae (2). The most frequent pollen types (>45%) were Eucalyptus, which generated great similarities between the samples, except one in which the Tibouchina was predominant. Although the majority of the pollen types showed low percentage values, the results demonstrated that M. capixaba has taken advantage of the polliniferous sources available in the Atlantic Rainforest as well as in the “Capoeira” (brushwood, secondary forest) and “ruderal” (field) plants, probably implying its importance as a pollinator of the native flora and of the exotic species.
Prediction of social structure and genetic relatedness in colonies of the facultative polygynous stingless bee Melipona bicolor (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
(Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2010-12-21) Reis, Evelyze Pinheiro dos; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Tavares, Mara Garcia
Stingless bee colonies typically consist of one single-mated mother queen and her worker offspring. The stingless bee Melipona bicolor (Hymenoptera: Apidae) shows facultative polygyny, which makes this species particularly suitable for testing theoretical expectations concerning social behavior. In this study, we investigated the social structure and genetic relatedness among workers from eight natural and six manipulated colonies of M. bicolor over a period of one year. The populations of M. bicolor contained monogynous and polygynous colonies. The estimated genetic relatedness among workers from monogynous and polygynous colonies was 0.75 ± 0.12 and 0.53 ± 0.16 (mean ± SEM), respectively. Although the parental genotypes had significant effects on genetic relatedness in monogynous and polygynous colonies, polygyny markedly decreased the relatedness among nestmate workers. Our findings also demonstrate that polygyny in M. bicolor may arise from the adoption of related or unrelated queens.
Sequential FISH Analysis with rDNA Genes and Ag-NOR Banding in the Lady Beetle Olla v-nigrum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
(Hereditas, 2001-10-22) Maffei, Eliane Mariza Dortas; Pompolo, Silvia das Graças; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira; Patitpierre, Eduard
We have characterized the meiosis of Olla v-nigrum by standard analysis, performed a NOR study using NOR banding, FISH of rDNA genes and sequential FISH/AgNOR analysis, and adapted the FISH methodology to Coccinellidae. The chromosome number determined at metaphase I was n = 9 + Xyp. At zygotene it was possible to identify the sex vesicle which presented a deeply stained heteropycnotic block. Chromosome X is much larger than the y and the two combine, forming a “parachute” in metaphase I. FISH analysis using a probe of rDNA genes 18S, 28S and 5.8S of D. melanogaster was used to map the genes in the sex vesicle. The NOR band showed high gene activity in this region. These results were confirmed using sequential FISH/Ag NOR analysis. The data obtained for Olla v-nigrum agree with the classical hypothesis raised to explain the type of sex chromosome association in a parachute format (Xyp) as being due to the presence of nucleolar material. The chromosome number and parachute configuration during metaphase I in this species agree with the basic karyotype of most Coleopterans. The major adaptation of the FISH method was the simultaneous denaturation and hybridization that permitted preservation of chromosome morphology, an essential factor when the chromosomes are small.
The use of polliniferous resources by Melipona capixaba, an endangered stingless bee species
(Journal of Insect Science, 2012-01-01) Serra, Bruna Danielle Vieira; Luz, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da; Campos, Lucio Antonio de Oliveira
Pollen types present in samples from corbiculae of Melipona capixaba (Moure and Camargo) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponina) worker bees were analyzed, as well as pollen samples from food pots inside the hives in three sites located at the bees’ original habitat. The aim was to find out the sources used as a trophic resource by this species. The dominant pollen grains in the spectrum of the samples belonged to the families Myrtaceae and Melastomataceae. Eucalyptus was the most frequent pollen type in the corbiculae in Conceição do Castelo municipality; Eucalyptus, Myrcia, and Melastomatacea/Combretaceae in the Fazenda do Estado district; and Eucalyptus and Myrcia in the São Paulo de Aracê district, both in the Domingos Martins municipality. Eucalyptus and Melastomataceae/Combretaceae were the predominant pollen types in the food pots. Eucalyptus was the most prevalent type all year round or most of the year. The most common pollen types in the months that Eucalyptus was not present or dominant in the samples were of remaining native forest species, “ruderal” (field) plants, fruit-bearing plants, and introduced ornamental plants.