Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de híbridos de famílias endogâmicas de milho, obtidos pelo método dos híbridos crípticos
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2000-07-11
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Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
Resumo
Neste trabalho avaliou-se o comportamento de híbridos de famílias endogâmicas de milho obtidos pelo método dos híbridos crípticos, produzidos pelo programa de melhoramento de milho do Departamento de Biologia da UFV. A caracterização dos híbridos foi feita com base em 22 ambientes, usando-se os métodos de Eberhart & Russell e de Carneiro. Pelo método de Eberhart & Russell, foram identificados 15 híbridos com produção acima da média geral. Entre eles, 53,3% tiveram bom desempenho em qualquer ambiente, e alta estabilidade (84-6, 86-1, 86-19, 86-11, 86-15, 86-21, 86-27 e 86-10), e 20% são mais responsivos à melhoria ambiental e possuem alta estabilidade (86-22, 85-2 e 84-5). Os híbridos 85-1, 85-3 e 86-2 apresentaram bom desempenho em qualquer ambiente e baixa estabilidade, correspondem também a 20% dos mais produtivos. O último (86-8), correspondendo a 6,7%, apresentou adaptação específica a ambientes favoráveis, e baixa estabilidade. Pela análise, considerando o método de Carneiro, foram identificados os híbridos 86-22, 86-8, 84-5, 85-2 e 86-19 como os mais responsivos à melhoria do ambiente. Os híbridos 86-11, 85-3, 86-27 e 86-2 apresentaram adaptação a ambientes desfavoráveis.
The behavior of endogamic hybrid maize families was assessed using the cryptic hybrids method. This work was conduced by the maize breeding program at Departamento de Biologia of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa in Brazil. Twenty-two environments were used to characterize the hybrids using Eberhart & Russel and Carneiro methods. Using the first method, 15 hybrids were identified with yield higher than the general mean. Among them, 53.3% had general adaptability and high stability (84-6, 86-1, 86-19, 86-11, 86-15, 86-21, 86-27 and 86-10), and 20% had specific adaptation to favorable environments and high stability (86-22, 85-2 and 84-5). The hybrids 85-1, 85-3 and 86-2 had general adaptability associated with low stability, and also corresponding to a fraction 20% of the most productive hybrids. The last hybrid (86-8) corresponded to 6.7% and had specific adaptation to favorable environments and low stability. From the analysis using Carneiro's method, the hybrids 8622, 868, 845, 852 and 8619 were identified as the most adapted to favorable environments. The hybrids 86-11, 85-3, 86-27 and 86-2 were adaptable to unfavorable environments.
The behavior of endogamic hybrid maize families was assessed using the cryptic hybrids method. This work was conduced by the maize breeding program at Departamento de Biologia of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa in Brazil. Twenty-two environments were used to characterize the hybrids using Eberhart & Russel and Carneiro methods. Using the first method, 15 hybrids were identified with yield higher than the general mean. Among them, 53.3% had general adaptability and high stability (84-6, 86-1, 86-19, 86-11, 86-15, 86-21, 86-27 and 86-10), and 20% had specific adaptation to favorable environments and high stability (86-22, 85-2 and 84-5). The hybrids 85-1, 85-3 and 86-2 had general adaptability associated with low stability, and also corresponding to a fraction 20% of the most productive hybrids. The last hybrid (86-8) corresponded to 6.7% and had specific adaptation to favorable environments and low stability. From the analysis using Carneiro's method, the hybrids 8622, 868, 845, 852 and 8619 were identified as the most adapted to favorable environments. The hybrids 86-11, 85-3, 86-27 and 86-2 were adaptable to unfavorable environments.
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Palavras-chave
Zea mays, Métodos de melhoramento, Seleção, Adaptação